振荡-静置循环培养新策略提升灵芝三萜合成与菌丝体活性

Oscillation-static cycle cultivation enhances the synthesis of triterpenes and mycelium activity in Ganoderma lucidum

摘要:

灵芝作为历史悠久的食药两用型真菌，其药用价值主要源自灵芝三萜这一主要活性物质，灵芝三萜具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化等药理活性。本研究旨在建立高效液态发酵生产灵芝三萜的技术体系。针对传统深层发酵和振荡-静置两阶段培养的局限性，利用振荡-静置循环培养工艺，结合遗传算法构建人工神经网络模型进行优化。在优化条件下，液态发酵高产灵芝三萜的最佳培养方式为振荡2.8 d-静置7.3 d-振荡0.2 d-静置0.3 d。此条件下，灵芝三萜含量达到20.82 mg/g，灵芝酸得率为129.09 mg/L，与Z10J0相比提高了324.78%，且培养周期缩短至10.6 d。同时，该培养方式下菌丝体具有较好的抗肿瘤活性和抗氧化活性。本研究开发了一种经济有效的液态发酵培养方式，可简化工艺流程、缩短发酵周期并有效改善传统培养方式的弊端；同时为液态发酵高产灵芝三萜的规模化应用提供了参考，具有广阔的应用前景。

Abstract:

Ganoderma lucidum is a precious fungus with both edible and medicinal values and has a long history of medical use. Triterpenes as the main active components endow G. lucidum with anti-tumor, antioxidant, and other pharmacological activities. The present study endeavors to establish a proficient liquid-state fermentation technology for the enhanced production of triterpenes. In view of the limitations inherent in conventional submerged fermentation and oscillation-static two-stage cultivation, this study established an oscillation-static cycle cultivation process and optimized the cultivation conditions by building an artificial neural network model based on genetic algorithms. The cultivation conditions for the high-yield production of triterpenes were optimized as follows: 2.8 days of oscillation, 7.3 days of static cultivation, 0.2 day of oscillation, and 0.3 day of static cultivation. Under these conditions, the content of triterpenes reached 20.82 mg/g. The yield of triterpenes reached 129.09 mg/L, showing a remarkable increase of 324.78% compared with that of the Z10J0 method. Moreover, the established method shortened the cultivation cycle by 10.6 days. The mycelia cultivated under this regimen exhibited commendable anti-tumor and antioxidant activities. This study not only presents an economical liquid-state fermentation approach but also streamlines the fermentation flow, reduces fermentation duration, and effectively ameliorates drawbacks associated with conventional cultivation methods. In addition, this study gives valuable insights into the scaled application of liquid-state fermentation in the high-yield production of triterpenes, which showcases broad prospects.