越南金花茶叶绿体基因组分析

Characteristics of the chloroplast genome of Camellia insularis

摘要:

本研究通过高通量测序技术对越南金花茶(Camellia insularis Orel & Curry)的叶绿体(chloroplast, cp)基因组进行了测序。结果显示，越南金花茶叶绿体基因组长度为156 882 bp，包含132个基因，其中，88个编码蛋白质，36个编码tRNA，8个编码rRNA。密码子偏好性分析显示，编码亮氨酸的密码子数量最多，且第三位密码子显示出了较高的A/U偏好。此外，共鉴定出了67个简单重复序列(simple sequence repeats, SSR)，发现越南金花茶SSR偏好使用A和T碱基。除了少数可变区域之外，越南金花茶与其近缘物种的叶绿体基因组反向重复(inverted repeat, IR)边界区域相当保守。系统发育分析表明，越南金花茶与云南金花茶(Camellia fascicularis)亲缘关系最近。金花茶是基因工程培育黄色山茶花的重要材料，本研究为叶绿体工程提供了基本的遗传信息，为深入研究金花茶组植物的进化、物种鉴定和基因组育种研究提供了宝贵的资源。

Abstract:

In this study, the chloroplast genome of Camellia insularis Orel & Curry was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the chloroplast genome of C. insularis was 156 882 bp in length with a typical tetrad structure, encoding 132 genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Codon preference analysis revealed that the highest number of codons coded for leucine, with a high A/U preference in the third codon position. Additionally, 67 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci were identified, with a preference for A and T bases. The inverted repeat (IR) boundary regions of the chloroplast genome of C. insularis were relatively conserved, except for a few variable regions. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that C. insularis was most closely related to C. fascicularis. Yellow camellia is a valuable material for genetic engineering breeding. This study provides fundamental genetic information on chloroplast engineering and offers valuable resources for conducting in-depth research on the evolution, species identification, and genomic breeding of yellow Camellia.