多聚磷酸激酶及其在ATP再生体系构建中的进展

Recent advances in poly phosphate kinase (PPK) and the construction of PPK-mediated ATP regeneration system

摘要:

构建高效的腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate, ATP)再生体系可显著提高生物催化磷酸基团转移反应的效率。多聚磷酸激酶(poly phosphate kinase, PPK)能利用来源广、廉价且稳定的多聚磷酸(polyphosphate, Poly P)盐作为磷酸基供体，能够实现单磷酸腺苷(adenosine monophosphate, AMP)、二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate, ADP)、ATP、Poly P之间磷酸基的高效定向转移，已成为构建ATP再生体系的首选。本文介绍了不同类型PPK的结构特征、相关催化机制以及不同来源的PPK在酶活、催化效率、稳定性和底物偏好性的特征差异；归纳和列举了针对野生PPK酶学性质不足进行分子改造的实例，并对PPK在ATP再生体系构建的研究进展进行了总结。

Abstract:

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regeneration systems are essential for efficient biocatalytic phosphoryl transfer reactions. Polyphosphate kinase (PPK) is a versatile enzyme that can transfer phosphate groups among adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), ATP, and polyphosphate (Poly P). Utilization of PPK is an attractive solution to address the problem of ATP regeneration due to its ability to use a variety of inexpensive and stable Poly P salts as phosphate group donors. This review comprehensively summarizes the structural characteristics and catalytic mechanisms of different types of PPKs, as well as the variations in enzyme activity, catalytic efficiency, stability, and coenzyme preference observed in PPKs from different sources. Moreover, recent advances in PPK-mediated ATP regeneration systems and protein engineering of wild-type PPK are summarized.