从专利角度分析ω-转氨酶在我国手性胺生物合成应用中的研究进展

The advance of ω-transaminase in chiral amine biosynthesis in China from the perspective of patents

摘要:

ω-转氨酶能够催化氨基在氨基酸、烷胺、芳香胺等多种氨基化合物和醛、酮、酮酸等羰基化合物之间的可逆转移。由于其底物范围广、立体选择性高、催化条件温和等特点，ω-转氨酶已在手性胺绿色生物合成中展现了巨大应用前景。开发高效、特异、环保且具有自主知识产权的手性胺合成应用技术，对我国医药、农药、材料产业的发展具有重要意义。本文从应用技术角度，对近10年来我国机构报道的ω-转氨酶相关中国专利进行了系统分析，重点从ω-转氨酶资源开发、酶性能的蛋白工程改造、在手性胺合成中的应用现状、催化转化技术工艺4个方面对我国ω-转氨酶在手性胺生物合成领域的研究进展进行阐述，以期为ω-转氨酶基础理论的深入研究和相关应用技术的推广提供参考。

Abstract:

ω-transaminases are able to catalyze the reversible transfer of amino groups between diverse amino compounds (such as amino acids, alkyl amines, aromatic amines) and carbonyl compounds (such as aldehydes, ketones, ketoacids). ω-transaminases exhibit great application prospects in the field of chiral amine biosynthesis because of their desirable properties, such as wide range of substrates, high stereoselectivity, and mild catalytic conditions. It is therefore important for China to develop efficient, specific, and environment-friendly chiral amine production technologies with independent intellectual property rights, which is of great significance for the development of pharmaceutical, pesticide, and material industries. This review systematically summarizes the Chinese patents regarding ω-transaminase filed by Chinese institutions in the recent decade. The development of ω-transaminase resource, enzymatic property improvement by protein engineering, application in chiral amine synthesis, and development of production technologies are elaborated. This review will shed light on further basic and application studies of ω-transaminase.