好氧活性污泥体系中磺胺类抗生素生物降解的研究进展

Advances in biodegradation of sulfonamides antibiotics in aerobic activated sludge system

摘要:

磺胺类抗生素 (Sulfonamides，SAs) 是一类被广泛应用于医疗和畜禽养殖的抗菌药物，但其在人和动物肠道中的可降解性较差，会通过人及畜禽粪便和尿液的排放进入污水处理系统。目前，污水处理厂中的好氧活性污泥 (Aerobic activated sludge，AAS) 被证实能够有效转化SAs。文中基于对国内外文献的调研，总结了好氧活性污泥体系中SAs生物降解的研究进展，对生物降解机理、主要的生物降解途径和影响降解效率的环境因素进行了梳理与回顾，并针对现有研究的不足提出展望，以期为优化污水处理厂中SAs的生物降解提供科学依据。

Abstract:

Sulfonamides (SAs) are a kind of antibiotics widely used in medical treatment and livestock breeding. However, they have poor degradability in human and animal intestines, and will enter the sewage treatment system through the discharge of feces and urine. The aerobic activated sludge (AAS) in wastewater treatment plant was found to be able to effectively transform SAs. This article summarizes the advances in biodegradation of SAs in aerobic activated sludge system, which includes the biodegradation mechanisms, the main biodegradation pathways, and the environmental factors affecting the degradation efficiency. Challenges encountered in the current research were discussed, with the aim to provide scientific basis for optimizing the biodegradation of SAs in wastewater treatment process.