有机荧光探针辅助的近红外荧光成像技术在宫颈癌中的应用

Application of organic fluorescent probe-assisted near infrared fluorescence imaging in cervical cancer diagnosis

摘要:

荧光成像已被广泛应用于生物医学和临床诊断领域。近红外 (Near-infrared，NIR，700–1 700 nm) 荧光成像在NIR波段对生物组织显影，与可见光波段 (400–760 nm) 的传统荧光成像相比，更有助于提高成像的信噪比和灵敏度。高质量的荧光成像需要借助良好的荧光探针，纳米技术的快速发展使具备良好荧光特性的有机染料不断涌现。与无机荧光探针相比，有机荧光探针具有安全性高、生物相容性好、光学稳定性强等优点。因此有机荧光探针辅助的NIR荧光成像可为研究者提供生物样品的结构和动态信息，是当前光学、化学、生物医学等多学科交叉研究领域的热点。文中结合近年来有机荧光探针在宫颈癌成像应用中的研究，概述了几种典型的有机荧光探针辅助NIR荧光成像在宫颈癌中的应用，如吲哚青绿、七甲川菁染料、罗丹明类荧光探针和聚合物荧光纳米颗粒，并对其发展前景和应用价值进行了展望。

Abstract:

Fluorescence imaging has been widely used in the fields of biomedicine and clinical diagnosis. Compared with traditional fluorescence imaging in the visible spectral region (400–760 nm), near-infrared (NIR, 700–1 700 nm) fluorescence imaging is more helpful to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the sensitivity of imaging. Highly-sensitive fluorescent probes are required for high-quality fluorescence imaging, and the rapid development of nanotechnology has led to the emergence of organic dyes with excellent fluorescent properties. Among them, organic fluorescent probes with the advantages of high safety, good biocompatibility, and high optical stability, are more favorable than inorganic fluorescent probes. Therefore, NIR fluorescence imaging assisted with organic fluorescent probes can provide more structural and dynamic information of biological samples to the researchers, which becomes a hot spot in the interdisciplinary research field of optics, chemistry and biomedicine. This review summarizes the application of NIR organic fluorescent probes in cervical cancer imaging. Several typical organic fluorescent probes (such as indocyanine green, heptamethine cyanine dye, rhodamine and polymer fluorescent nanoparticles) assisted NIR fluorescence imaging and their applications in cervical cancer diagnosis were introduced, and the future development and application of these techniques were discussed.