壳聚糖固定化气单胞菌处理餐厨高油脂废水

Aeromonas immobilized on chitosan for treating high-oil wastewater from kitchens

摘要:

为有效解决餐厨废水中的高油脂对下游处理工艺的严重影响，本研究以筛选获得的一株高效的油脂降解菌株嗜糖气单胞菌Aeromonas allosaccarophila CY-01为研究对象，以壳聚糖为载体材料，对其进行固定化包埋制备壳聚糖-气单胞菌小球 (CH-CY01)；探究CH-CY01小球的油脂降解效率以及性能影响评估。研究结果表明，经壳聚糖固定后的菌株CY-01其细胞的生长活性几乎不受影响，对大豆油脂的最大降解率为89.7%；相比于未固定的细胞，CH-CY01在0.5% NaCl的盐度条件下对油脂的降解效率显著提高了20%；在浓度为1 mg/L的表面活性剂 (十二烷基苯磺酸钠) 存在条件下，CH-CY01对油脂的降解效率显著提高了40%。以餐饮高油脂污水为处理对象，结果显示经添加1% (V/V) 的CH-CY01小球处理7 d后，超过80%以上的固态油脂被降解，明显高于未固定的CY-01。综上所述，经壳聚糖固定包埋的CH-CY01小球显著提高了菌株的生存能力和油脂降解效率，对于高油脂餐饮污水的高效处理具有较大的应用潜力。

Abstract:

To effectively solve the serious impact of high oil in the kitchen wastewater on the downstream treatment process, an excellent oil-degrading strain Aeromonas allosaccarophila CY-01 was immobilized to prepare Chitosan-Aeromonas pellets (CH-CY01) by using chitosan as a carrier. Oil degradation condition and efficiency of CH-CY01 pellets were assessed. The growth of immobilized CH-CY01 was almost unaffected, and the maximum degradation rate of soybean oil was 89.7%. Especially at 0.5% NaCl concentration, oil degradation efficiency of CH-CY01 was increased by 20% compared with free cells. In the presence of a surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) at 1 mg/L, the degradation efficiency of oil by CH-CY01 was increased by 40%. Moreover, using the high-oil catering wastewater as the substrate, more than 80% of the solid oil was degraded with 1% (V/V) CH-CY01 pellets treatment for 7 days, significantly higher than that of free cells. In summary, immobilized CH-CY01 significantly improved the efficiency of oil degradation.