应用生物技术降解木质纤维素水解液中呋喃醛

Biodegradation of furan aldehydes in lignocellulose hydrolysates

摘要:

木质纤维素是地球上储量最为丰富的可再生有机碳资源，但由于其结构的复杂性，必须经过一系列预处理过程才能被微生物高效利用，这就不可避免地带来了呋喃醛等典型抑制物，严重阻碍了微生物的生长和后续发酵过程。认知微生物的呋喃醛代谢途径，并基于此开发耐受性和转化能力强的微生物菌株是生物炼制领域的重要研究内容。文中综述了呋喃醛抑制物的来源、呋喃醛对微生物的抑制机理以及微生物降解呋喃醛的代谢途径，并重点讨论了基于生物法降解呋喃醛抑制物的研究进展，涉及的主要技术手段包括传统的适应性进化工程和代谢工程，以及近年来新兴的微生物共培养系统和功能化材料辅助微生物脱除呋喃醛等。

Abstract:

Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable organic carbon resource on earth. However, due to its complex structure, it must undergo a series of pretreatment processes before it can be efficiently utilized by microorganisms. The pretreatment process inevitably generates typical inhibitors such as furan aldehydes that seriously hinder the growth of microorganisms and the subsequent fermentation process. It is an important research field for bio-refining to recognize and clarify the furan aldehydes metabolic pathway of microorganisms and further develop microbial strains with strong tolerance and transformation ability towards these inhibitors. This article reviews the sources of furan aldehyde inhibitors, the inhibition mechanism of furan aldehydes on microorganisms, the furan aldehydes degradation pathways in microorganisms, and particularly focuses on the research progress of using biotechnological strategies to degrade furan aldehyde inhibitors. The main technical methods include traditional adaptive evolution engineering and metabolic engineering, and the emerging microbial co-cultivation systems as well as functional materials assisted microorganisms to remove furan aldehydes.