植物不同类型表皮毛调控模型研究进展

Research progress in regulation model in different types of plant trichome

摘要:

表皮毛是植物地上部分表皮细胞向外突出延伸的特化毛状结构，不仅可以保护植物免受病虫的危害，还具有一定的经济和药用价值，对其调控的分子机制的阐明有利于植物的分子设计育种和遗传改良。近年来，模式植物拟南芥表皮毛形成的调控模式基本被阐明，其他植物表皮毛的调控机制也取得很大进展。鉴于此，文中综述了拟南芥和棉花 (单细胞表皮毛) 及番茄和青蒿 (多细胞表皮毛) 在基因和激素水平上对表皮毛的发育调控，同时简要介绍了其他典型单、双子叶植物表皮毛相关的研究进展，最后，展望了植物表皮毛的研究方向和应用前景。

Abstract:

Plant trichomes are special structures that originate from epidermal outgrowths. Trichomes play an important role in plant defense against pests and diseases, and possess economic and medicinal values. Study on molecular mechanism of plant trichomes will contribute to the molecular design breeding and genetic improvement of crops. In recent years, the regulation mechanism of trichome development has been basically clarified in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, while great progresses are also found in other plant species. In this review, we focus on the developmental regulation of trichome formation from gene and phytohormones levels in Arabidopsis and cotton (with unicellular trichomes), as well as in tomato and Artemisia annua (with multicellular trichomes). The research progress associated with trichomes is also introduced in other typical monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Finally, the research and application of plant trichomes are prospected.