肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞在实体肿瘤中作用的研究进展

Function of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in solid tumors – a review

摘要:

肿瘤是21世纪威胁人类健康的主要疾患之一。临床上，实体瘤治疗仍以手术切除、放化疗和靶向治疗为主，但这些方法往往不能根除肿瘤病灶，易导致肿瘤复发和进展。肿瘤免疫治疗是利用人体的免疫系统，通过增强或恢复抗肿瘤免疫力实现控制和杀伤肿瘤的一种新的治疗模式。肿瘤免疫治疗能够在众多患者中产生持久反应，过继性免疫治疗和免疫检查点阻断剂治疗均可产生显著的抗原特异性免疫反应。肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞 (TILs)是一种存在于肿瘤组织内部具有高度异质性的淋巴细胞，在宿主抗原特异性肿瘤免疫应答中发挥关键作用。最新研究表明，在肿瘤发生和治疗过程中，TILs的亚群组成和数量与患者预后密切相关；抗肿瘤的TILs介导的过继性免疫治疗方法已在多种实体瘤中取得了良好的疗效。文中就实体肿瘤中TILs的研究进展作一综述。

Abstract:

Tumor is one of the major diseases threatening human health in the 21st century. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy are the main clinical treatments for solid tumors. However, these methods are unable to eradicate tumor cells completely, and easily lead to the recurrence and progression of tumor. Tumor immunotherapy is a novel treatment that uses human immune system to control and kill tumor by enhancing or restoring anti-tumor immunity. Tumor immunotherapy has shown to produce long-lasting responses in large numbers of patients, and thereby adoptive immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors could induce remarkable antigen-specific immune responses. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are highly heterogeneous lymphocytes existing in tumor tissues and play a crucial role in host antigen-specific tumor immune response. Recent studies show that TILs are closely related to the prognosis of patients during the processes of tumorigenesis and treatment. Adoptive immunotherapy mediated by TILs has displayed favorable curative effect in many solid tumors. This paper reviews the recent progress of TILs in solid tumors.