基因编辑技术的发展与挑战

Development and challenges of gene editing technology

摘要:

基因编辑技术是人为的对基因片段进行修改的一种技术。新型基因编辑技术关注在人工核酸酶剪切技术领域，主要为ZFN技术，TALEN技术，CRISPR技术以及单碱基编辑技术。基因编辑技术的不断完善促进了农业，畜牧业和生物医学等领域的快速发展，但与此同时，技术缺陷和伦理争议也为其自身的发展带来了巨大的挑战。本文将对基因编辑技术的发展与挑战，以及国内外的伦理探讨进行简要综述，期望能启发读者重新认识基因编辑技术。

Abstract:

Gene editing is a technique for modifying gene fragments. The novel gene editing technology focuses on the field of artificial nuclease cleavage technology, mainly ZFN technology, TALEN technology, CRISPR technology and base editing technology. The continuous improvement of gene editing technology has promoted the rapid development of agriculture, animal husbandry and biomedicine, but at the same time, technical defects and ethical controversy have brought enormous challenges to its own development. This article will briefly discuss the development and challenges of gene editing technology, as well as the views at home and abroad, and hope to inspire readers to recognize gene editing technology.