基于植物rbcL基因测序对茶叶进行掺杂检验

Adulteration detection of tea samples based on plant rbcL gene sequencing

摘要:

茶叶是世界上最受人们欢迎的饮品之一，但茶叶中掺杂其他植物成分的现象时有发生。依靠传统的感官和理化检验方法难以准确判断茶叶中掺杂的植物种类。报道一种基于植物核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基 (rbcL) 基因序列进行茶叶掺杂定性检测的方法，包括rbcL基因片段的扩增、测序和序列分析等步骤。利用所建立的方法对7份茶叶样品进行分析，发现岳阳黄茶 (黄茶) 和信阳毛尖 (绿茶) 未掺杂其他植物成分，而正山小种 (红茶)、铁观音 (乌龙茶)、太姥银针 (白茶)、六堡茶和普洱茶 (黑茶) 均一定程度上混杂有其他植物成分。所建立的检测方法对样品的需求量小，操作简便，检测结果可靠性高，能定性检测各类茶叶中是否掺杂及掺杂了何种植物成分。

Abstract:

Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world, but counterfeit or adulterated tea can be found now and then on the tea market. The traditional methods dependent on sensory, physical and chemical tests cannot identify the composition of adulterated plant species accurately. We developed therefore a method for identification of adulterated plants in tea based on qualitative detection of plant rbcL (Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase large subunit) fragments, which involved amplification, sequencing and sequence analyses of rbcL fragments. Seven tea samples were analyzed with the established method. The results showed that Yueyanghuangcha (yellow tea) and Xinyangmaojian (green tea) were pure with only detection of the tea plant Camellia sinensis; Zhengshan Souzhong (black tea), Tieguanyin (oolong tea), Tailaoyinzhen (white tea), Liupao and Pu-erh (dark tea) were, to a certain extent, adulterated with non-Camellia sinensis plants. The method introduced in this study only requires a small amount of tea samples, easy to operate and reliable. It can be used to determine if any tea samples are adulterated.