埃博拉病毒疫苗研究进展

Overview of Ebola virus vaccine

摘要:

埃博拉病毒是一种可引起人和非人灵长类动物出血热传染病的最为致命的烈性病毒，致死率可达90%。2014年在西非爆发的埃博拉疫情引起了全世界的关注。疫苗接种是预防和控制传染病最为常规和有效的方法，尽管目前还没有正式获得批准上市的埃博拉病毒疫苗，但是已有多个尚处于研究阶段的疫苗在非人灵长类动物上取得了很好的保护效果，并有几个已进入临床I期试验阶段，有望尽快用于本次埃博拉疫情的防控。本文对目前处于研究阶段的多个类型的埃博拉病毒疫苗进行了综述，为相关研究人员提供参考。

Abstract:

Ebola virus (EBOV) causes hemorrhagic fever, resulting in mortality rates as high as 90% among infected humans and non-human primates (NHPs). The 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa is the severest in history, leading to WHO taking all control measures to stop any possibility of cross-border outbreaks.?Because no licensed vaccines or effective therapeutics against EBOV are available, the current outbreak management has been limited to palliative care and barrier methods to prevent transmission. Several promising experimental EBOV vaccines have demonstrated protection in NHPs against lethal EBOV challenge, and some progresses have been made through clinical trials of EBOV vaccine candidates. It is believed there will be some licensed vaccine available in the near future to control EBOV outbreaks. In this review we provide some insights for further development of EBOV vaccines.