微生物基因组精简优化的研究进展

Advances in microbial genome reduction and modification

摘要:

微生物基因组精简优化是构建合成生物学底盘细胞的重要策略。文中从基因组精简的整体设计出发，归纳了微生物的必需基因及其确定方法，重点介绍了各种微生物基因组精简策略，分析了多种基因组精简菌株的特点，充分展示了基因组精简优化在构建合成生物学底盘细胞中的重要作用。

关键词:基因组精简，必需基因，最小基因组，无痕基因组敲除，负筛选标记，底盘细胞，合成生物学

Abstract:

Microbial genome reduction and modification are important strategies for constructing cellular chassis used for synthetic biology. This article summarized the essential genes and the methods to identify them in microorganisms, compared various strategies for microbial genome reduction, and analyzed the characteristics of some microorganisms with the minimized genome. This review shows the important role of genome reduction in constructing cellular chassis.

Key words:genome reduction, essential genes, minimal genome, scarless genome deletion, negative selection marker, cellular chassis, synthetic biology