体细胞克隆牛产品安全分析

Product safety analysis of somatic cell cloned bovine

摘要:

体细胞克隆技术是将已分化的体细胞移到去核的成熟卵母细胞中，通过体外激活和培养，再移植入受体母畜子宫内，繁殖出具有相同基因型后代的一种技术。该技术可以大幅提升繁殖效率，并提供高质、充足和营养丰富的动物食品。近年来，美国、日本和欧洲等国家相继宣布体细胞克隆动物食品可以上市。然而，目前体细胞克隆效率相当低下，即使是出生的克隆动物也往往伴随发育畸形或高死亡率等现象，在对克隆动物发育异常知之甚少的情况下，宣布克隆动物产品上市是否为时过早？以下综述了克隆牛肉、奶及其产品安全。

Abstract:

Somatic cell cloning (nuclear transfer) is a technique through which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor. It could be applied for the enhancement of reproduction rate and the improvement of food products involving quality, yield and nutrition. In recent years, the United States, Japan and Europe as well as other countries announced that meat and milk products made from cloned cattle are safe for human consumption. Yet, cloned animals are faced with a wide range of health problems, with a high death rate and a high incidence of disease. The precise causal mechanisms for the low efficiency of cloning remain unclear. Is it safe that any products from cloned animals were allowed into the food supply? This review focuses on the security of meat, milk and products from cloned cattle based on the available data.