基因工程微生物的环境监测及生物防御体系研究进展

Progress of Environmental Monitoring and Biological Containment System on Genetically Engineered Microorganisms

摘要:

随着生物技术的发展, 研究人员构建出了大量具有特定功能的基因工程微生物, 这些基因工程微生物在实际应用时常受到限制, 因为它们释放到环境中有可能带来新的污染。为了减少或消除其对环境的潜在危害, 有必要采取措施对这些基因工程微生物进行监测和安全控制。通常要求这类基因工程微生物带有便于监测的检测标记以及能进行自消亡的主动生物防御体系。对基因工程微生物的检测标记以及主动生物防御体系的研究现状进行了综述。

Abstract:

With the development of biological technology, many genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) for special purposes have been constructed and developed, but their practical applications in the field are still limited because GEMs may cause new environmental contaminations. To minimize the potential risks, the organisms released to environment need to be monitored and restricted for their distribution. In the laboratory conditions, the GEMs can be wiped off when required using some new biological technologies. The recent progress of research on the monitoring methods and active biological containment system for GEMs were reviewed in this paper.