极端嗜酸性专性化能自养硫细菌有机质代谢的研究进展

Metabolism of Organic Compounds by Extremely Acidophilic, Obligately Chemolithoautotrophic Thiobacilli-a review

摘要:

极端嗜酸性专性化能自养硫细菌具有独特的生理特性, 在农业、细菌冶金、含硫废水处理以及环境保护等方面发挥着重要作用, 但这类细菌在其特殊能源缺乏时不能代谢有机质, 生长缓慢, 代时长, 细胞得率低, 限制了它在实际生产中的应用效率。对其进行遗传改造, 构建能够利用有机质快速生长的基因工程菌, 将为这类细菌的工业化应用提供一条可行的途径。主要对极端嗜酸性专性化能自养硫细菌有机质代谢的研究进展进行了综述, 其中包括有机化合物的抑制作用、有机化合物的有限利用、中心代谢途径及物质的转运等, 还包括专性化能自养硫细菌有机质代谢遗传改造研究的最新进展。

Abstract:

The extremely acidophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic thiobacilli can obtain energy from the chemolithotrophic oxidation of inorganic-sulphur. They have industrial applications in metal leaching, desulfurization from coal and oil, agriculture, and environmental protection. However, their inability to use organic substance, their slow growth rate and low cell yield, has limited their further industrial use. The construction of engineered strains with better growth rate and improved ability to use organic compounds is important. In this paper, the inhibition of growth by organic compounds, limited use of organic compounds, central metabolic pathways, and transport mechanism of the extremely acidophilic obligately chemolithoautotrophic thiobacilli are reviewed, as well as the current research progress in their genetic modification to use organic compounds.