Abstract:A new thermophilic, acidityphilic, sulfate-reducing heterotrophic bacteria, strain CW-04, was isolated from biofilm dirtiness in pipeline wall after press pump of affusion system in oilfield. The bacterium is an concurrently anaerobic, non-motile, Gram-positive, pole flagellum, spore-forming curved rod growing within a pH range of 3.7~10(optimal growth at pH 6~6.5) and temperature range of 20℃~63℃(optimal growth at 47℃), then, growth curve was studied to efficiently prevent corrosion. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth is 0.7%. A limited number of compounds are utilized as electron donors, including H2+acetate, formate, acetate, lactate, propionate, pyruvate and ethanol. Sulfate, sulfite and thiosulfate, but not sulfer or nitrate, can be used as electron acceptors. Strain CW-04 is able to utilize glucose, fructose and simple aminophenol as sources of carbon. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence allowed strain CW-04(accession numbers: AY703033) to be classified as a representative of a new strain of the genus Desulfotomaculum, Desulfotomaculum aeronauticumd (Bacteria, Firmicutes, Clostridia, Clostridiales, Pep-tococcaceae) whose similarity is 99%.

Abstract:A strain of thermotolerant halophilic bacteria YJ0238 was isolated from the salt well at 47℃ in the Kangning countryside where was located at the side of Lancang River in the Tibet Autonomous Region. Some physiological and biochemical properties were characterized.16S rRNA gene sequence of YJ0238 was amplified by PCR, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Based on it’s physiological and biochemical properties, homology and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain YJ0238 was identified as a subspecies of the species Idiomarina zobellii. The GenBank accession number of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain YJ0238 is EF693953. Until now, there were few reports on the study of high-temperature and high-salt microbial in domestics. The results of this study will provide research material and information for further studies in this area.

Abstract:Three algae-lysing bacteria (L7、L8、L18) have been isolated. We used starch medium, which has no passive effect on growth of the Anabaena flos-aquae as cutivate medium. After being cultivated for 4d on a reciprocal shaker at 30℃ and a speed of 100 r/min, the cultivate broth were centrifugated at a speed of 4000 r/min for 20min、filtrated with 0.22 mm membrane, and condensed by vacuum rotary evaporator at 65℃. The sterile condensed bacteria-free filtrate obtained are dialysed, sedimentated by ethanol, extracted by organic solvents, absorbed by activated carbon. The molecular weight of the extracellular algae-lysing components of L7 are less than 3.5 kD, while the molecular weight of extracellular algae-lysing components of L8 and L18 are between 3.5 kD~7 kD; ethanol can not separate extracellular algae-lysing components from other componets efficiently; carbon tetrachloride can separate the extracellular algae-lysing components of L7 into water-layer efficiently, while petroleum ether can separate the extracellular algae-lysing components of L8 and L18 into water-layer efficiently, the extracellular algae-lysing

Abstract:An effective flocculant-producing microorganism was isolated from activated sludge which was identified as Acinetobacter baumannii. Its genetic toxicity is checked by the Vicia faba root-tip cells micronucleus test, the result has not demonstrated the genetic toxicity. The best carbon sources and nitrogen sources for flocculant production are glucose and yeast extract, the cultivation time is 24 hours. Addition of Ca2+ could obviously increase the flocculating rate. It has good flocculating effect on Kaolin suspension and sewage with pH at the scale of 8.0.

Abstract:In order to perform the regulation and functional study and the screening of potassium uptake genes, the high affinity K+ uptake genes TRK1 and TRK2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were replaced with URA3 and HIS3 alternately using the methods of homologous recombination. URA3 and HIS3 of S. Cerevisiae were used as marker gene, the defective K+ uptake TRK1 and TRK2 mutant of S. Cerevisiae were selected in the basic medium without Histidine and Uracil.

Abstract:The stress resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae industrial strains for molasses to highconcentration ethanol, high temperature, high osmotic pressure, furfural toxicity, phenol toxicity, acetic acid toxicity and G418 toxicity were analyzed by the spot dilution growth assays in this paper. The results showed that the stress resistances among these industrial strains were obviously different. The strains AS2.1189 and AS2.1190 are more resistant to the tested stress factors than any others .The strain 396 is the most resistant to the acetic acid toxicity and G418 toxicity, and the strain 2610 is the most resistant to the high temperature.

Abstract:The purpose of this study is to obtain effective and stable bacteriocin-like substance from lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus buchneri KLDS1.0364, which was isolated from fermented cream, a traditional dairy product in Inner Mongolia, could produce bacteriocin-like substance. The bacteriocin-like substance produced by KLDS1.0364 was partially purified and the characteristics were studied. The bacteriocin-like substance was purified by SP-Sepharose fast flow cation exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of the bacteriocin-like substance was 21.6kD, as determined by tricine-SDS-PAGE. The bacteriocin-like substance remained stable after 30 min at 121℃ and after 2 h of incubation during pH 2~10. Complete inactivation of antimicrobial activity was observed after treatment of the bacteriocin-like substance with several proteinases. Treatment with catalase and α-amylase did not result in any changes of antimicrobial activity. The mode of action of the bacteriocin-like substance is bactericidal. It exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonistic activity against various species of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.

Abstract:In this study, we have investigated the effect of tryptophol (TrpOH) on lipid fermentation by Lipomyces starkeyi. The results showed that cell growth and lipid accumulation were significantly inhibited when TrpOH was introduced at 0 h or 12 h; while substantial positive effects were observed when TrpOH was applied at 24 h or 36 h after inoculation. Specifically, biomass, lipid and lipid coefficient increased by 7.4%, 13.9% and 14.2% respectively, but fermentation time decreased by 13.3%, when 100 μmol/L TrpOH was introduced at 36 h. However, little effects were found on the fatty acid constitutional profile of the microbial lipid produced in the presence of TrpOH. These results are valuable to develop more economical lipid fermentation technology.

Abstract:25 antagonistic bacteria screening from cotton rhizosphere have antibiotic against Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Two isolates MH1 and MH25 have obviously antibiosis. Based on the results of morphologic characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA, MH1 was identified as Brevibacillus brevis and MH25 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The sequences of 16S rDNA obtained in this study have been submitted to GenBank and the accession number, respectively, are EF4488102 and EF4488103.

Abstract:Using three strains of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum, twenty three other Fusarium isolates, thirty three comparison strains from cucumber rhizosphere as materials, we used PCR-RFLP and Nested-PCR for detecting Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum on base of total DNA chemical cracking method. It showed that PCR-RFLP could not differenciate different species of Fusarium. Nested-PCR is special for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum. PCR-RFLP and Nested-PCR detected successfully the pathogen in diseased cucumber plants inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum. The two programs both can be used to detect Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum in cucumber tissues without eyeable symptoms. PCR-RFLP could detect Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum in the inoculated tissues of susceptible cucumber plants on 3rd day after inoculation, but Nested-PCR could detect the pathogens on the 5th day after inoculation. It indicates that PCR-RFLP is more sensitive than Nested-PCR in detection of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumarinum.

Abstract:The paper is about the systematic studies of biological characteristics of 15 stains rhizobia isolated purified from Acacia confusa grew in Guangxi karst environment. The results showed that there were typical characteristics of rhizobia .there were negative reaction about use of 3-ketolactose and beef extract peptone nutrient agar medium ,and positive reaction about use of starch and citrate medium ,and produce acid in reaction of BTB and litmus milk medium, (NH4 )2HPO4 was used as nitrogen sources and both four monosaccharides and three disaccharides could be utilized as carbon sources in 15 strains rhizobia isolated Acacia confuse .Among the 15 strains for the tests, 11 strains could deoxidize the nitrate of medium into nitrite, 14 strains could grow well on NaCl solution concentration 3.0 % ~ 4.0 % , 14 strains could grow at 39℃, 13 strains may grow on highest pH12 and 4 strains on lowest pH4 cultrue medium. 15 strains can grow in 10% and 11 strains in 10%~30% of CaCO3 solution concentration.

Abstract:The effects of photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) on quality of new-type tobacco were studied. Analysis results show that PSB notably impact chemical components in tobacco leaves and make them more harmonious, especially the content of nicotine is decreased and meanwhile potassium is increased when PSB liquid is sprayed to the tobacco leaves at the ratio of 1:200. And the smoking quality of the new-type tobacco leaves treated is much better than the control.

Abstract:The symbiotic bacterium exists in the intestines of entomopathogenic nematodes and is a potential biological agent. Systematic classification of these bacteria is scarce in China. In this paper, seven strains of symbiotic bacteria from local entomopathogenic nematodes were identified by both observation of morphology, physiological, biochemical characteristics and sequence analysis of 16S rDNA fragments.

Abstract:Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay performing on newly modified nitrocellulose membrane strip (NCM test strip) for detection of Pantoea stwartii subsp.stewartii, the casual agent of bacterial wilt of corn, was established. The test strip used in this study has eight round pieces of nitrocellulose membrane with a diameter of 2 mm, which was cut with a VersaLaser, and then was affixed on a plastic adhesive tape. Detection sensitivity for the pathogen was increased by 10-100 folds when 10μL per site of the bacterial suspension was used, as compared to that in the normal amount of 1uL per dot; detection sensitivity in indirect dot-ELISA was 10 folds higher than that in sandwich double antibodies dot-ELISA (DAS-dot- ELISA)，These results were further confirmed from the ELISA tests carried on the normal microtiter plates. This study will promote development of microfluidic chip detection method combined with the dot immunoassay for P. stwartii subsp.stewartii on corn.

Abstract:Pseudomonas sp. M18, one of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, can produce secondary metabolites including phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) and pyoluteorin (Plt). PA2572 gene coding protein is a probable two-component response regulator in Pseudomonas according to homologous speculations. In order to investigate its genetic function, PA2572 homologous gene, ppbR, was amplified from M18 genome, inactivated by inserting a Gm cassette. The resulting reconstruct was introduced into the M18 genome using homologous recombination technique, so as to obtain the null mutant M18P. The results showed that the M18P has less flagellar swimming and swarming motility, and yielded fewer PCA. The production of PCA was only 50% of the wild type. However, there was no remarkable difference between mutant and wild type in producing pyoluteorin in KMB medium.

Abstract:The molecular researches of trehalose biosynthesis and metabolization have been attended because of its important roles in the cyto-physiology process of animal and plant cell. By using RT-PCR (reverse transcription PCR) method, the cDNA sequence of trehalase has been cloned through the RNA extracted from Arabidopsis sprout in this experiment. 1674 bp cDNA identified by sequencing was constructed to pET30a (+) vector and transformed to BL21 of E. coli. The target protein has overexpressed and has been purificated by using Ni-NTA Agarose, and then its activity assay and enzymatic characteristic were studied in vitro. The results indicated that this plant trehalase gene can overexpress in E. coli and the trehalase protein which purificated through Ni-NTA Agarose has higher hydrolysis activity and its suitable reaction temperature is 45℃. The quantity change between glucose and trehalose occurred obviously in the enzymatic reaction as time through GC-MS analysis. This further confirmed that the trehalase gene come from Arabidopsis has expressed functionally in E. coli.

Abstract:Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder and α-synuclein plays an important role in its development. Using the genetically tractable Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system, the phenotypic repercussions and potential mechanisms of α-synuclein-induced cytotoxicity are characterized through modulating its expression level and other cellular factors. Aggregation-induced toxicity is more dramatic upon elevated expression of α-synuclein than that induced at moderate levels of expression. The induced toxicity is also enhanced by reagents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, which increase intracellular levels of phospholipid and membrane, as well as ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide, both of which cause oxidative stresses in yeast cells. In contrast, over-expression of yeast homologue of human chaperone DJ-1, YDR533C, markedly alleviate the inhibition of growth afflicted by exogenous expression of α-synuclein. Taken together, the data presented suggest a role for protein folding machinery together with quality control system in dealing with the aggregation of α-synuclein.

Abstract:Acyl carrier protein is an essential component involved in the biosynthesis of DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) via PKS (Polyketide synthase) pathway, which takes the growing acyl chain from one enzyme to another. One cDNA clone, with high homology of ACP, was isolated from Schizochytrium sp. FJU-512 cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence contained 142 residues with isoelectric point of 5.04 and had the 4′-phosphopantetheine prosthetic(4′-PP) binding site. The target fragment was digested with BamHⅠ/HindⅢand inserted into the expression vector pET-30a resulting in the plasmid pET-30a/acp. The recombinant vector was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) and induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated that ACP was effectively expressed.

Abstract:To improve ethanol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an integration plasmid pUPGKAT with PGK promoter (phosphoglycerate kinase promoter), adh1 gene (the coding sequences of alcohol dehydrogenaseⅠ) and CYC1 terminator (Cytochrome c transcription terminator) was constructed. Firstly, a fusion fragment composed of PGK promoter and adh1 gene was generated by over lap extension PCR and ligated into pUG6 resulting in plasmid pUPGKA. Subsequently, CYC1 termi nator was amplified from pSH65 by PCR and ligated to the SpeⅠand SacⅡrestriction site of pUPGKA. To integrate PGK-adh1-CYC1 into S. cerevisiae genome, pUPGKAT was digested by TthⅢⅠand the linearized plasmid was used to transform S. cerevisiae YS2-△adh2 (adh2 disrupted strain) by lithium acetate method. The yeast mutant YS2-△adh2-adh1 which had the adh1 gene placed under the PGK promoter and harbored the adh2 deletion was constructed. Anaerobic fermentation showed overexpression of adh1 by PGK promoter resulted in a 8.84% higher ethanol production compared to YS2-△adh2.

Abstract:Chitin is one of the most important component in fungal cell wall. Biosynthesis of chitin is a complex processes and needs several chitin synthase isoenzymes. The knowledge of structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases is mainly derived from the study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast with the 3 chitin synthases in S. cerevisiae, 7 were found in most filamentous fungi. In this review the classification and function of chitin synthases are summerized, and progress in the studies on chitin synthases of filamentous fungi which are of theoretical or medical or agricultural importance, including Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Ustilago maydis are emphasized. Recent advance of research on chitin synthase as antifungal target is also discussed.

Abstract:Development of antibiotics from actinomycetes has acquired enormous accomplishment. About 12000 bioactive metabolites were discovered from actinomycetes. Up to now it is very difficult to finding novel compounds with bioactivities from microorganisms. Advance of discovery of new actinomycete species from extreme environments and ocean, integration of modern chemical techniques and database, and genomic techniques are reviewed for meeting the challenge and difficulty in pharmaceutical development from actinomycetes in this paper.

Abstract:The gram-positive, facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes belongs to one of four severe food-borne pathogens issued by WHO. It is not only a causal agent of listeriosis caused infection of humans and animals, but also an important model system for the study of intracellular pathogens. Most of well-known listerial virulence genes are regulated by PrfA. The LM virulence genes involved in the infectious process and the PrfA-dependent virulence genes expression as well as putative regulative mechanisms were introduced and analyzed in this paper.

Abstract:The natural gut microbial ecology in animal’s body has crucial influence to the health of their host. In this article, the mechanism that how the prominent gut symbiont, Bacteroides, act is revealed. From the Functional Genomic view we could have further insights about Host-Bacteroides mutually beneficial relationships. And it also provide an important foundation and new perspectives about host’s health.

Abstract:One of the new approaches for bioaugmentation treatment of recalcitrant chemicals is gene bioaugmentation, which is helpful to improve the bioaugmentation stability when genetically engineered microorganisms are used. The mechanism of gene bioaugmentation, viz. horizontal gene transfer within microbial community, is introduced. The influence factors of gene bioaugmentation: gene vector, cell touch conditions and environment conditions, are discussed. The applications in soil bioremediation and wastewater treatment of gene bioaugmentation are also summarized. The limitation of gene bioaugmentation is also mentioned.

Abstract:The history and present status of phytoplasma classification are introduced briefly in this paper. The newly classification methods and rules for the description of Candidatus species are reviewed. The key problems and direction on the classification and identification of phytoplasmas in China are discussed.

Abstract:Diathesis education and innovative ability cultivating of students are a new position in higher education. Exploring experiment was applied in medical undergraduates of grade 2004 for enhancing integrative diathesis and cultivating innovative spirit and ability of students. It was proved that application of exploring experiment could increase adequately learning fervor and interest of students. Teaching quality of microbiological experiment was enhanced accordingly. Application of exploring experiment was useful supplement and attempt of traditional teaching mode.

Abstract:The time that industrial microbiology alone took the course is short, so it requires a discussion about reform on teaching content and method. The thesis first discusses the reforms on teaching content from basic theory knowledge combining to scientific research, experiment and producing practice. Then reforms the teaching method, such as adopting the computer-assisted instruction (CAI) pattern, combining the problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based studying (CBS) each other, and leading into partly bilingual education method. By all above investigation and discussion practice in two aspects, the students produces deep interest to industrial microbiology, and reached the purpose of teaching reform.

Abstract:In this paper, the optimum pH, temperature and salinity for VpJ33 growth were determined through singe-factor analysis respectively and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The multivariate non-linear model was applied to study the interactions and optimization of the growth parameters for VpJ33 which were explored by experiments. The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions for germination as follows: pH 8.41, temperature 34.1℃ and salinity 2.47％. Significant interactions between pH and salinity, as well as pH and temperature were found during the germination respectively, otherwise the relationship between salinity and temperature was relatively unapparent. The experimental results indicated that the proposed model is reasonably accurate and can be used for describing and predicting the growth feature of VPJ33 in different outside environmental factors.

Abstract:To evaluate the risk of clipping-leaves to transmiting tobacco bushy top disease in floating system, tobacco seedling were clipped using scissors clipped the leaves with tobacco bushy top virus(TBTV) and tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)and dipped the two virus solution, respectively. The incidence of TBTV and TMV were investigated after 28 days, the data indicated that the two clipping treatment methods in floating system can not transmitted TBTV, but the average incidence of TMV were 36.67% and 63.33%, respectively. The results suggested that clipping treatment in floating system is not easy to transmit TBTV, but is easy to transmit TMV.

Abstract: