Research progress in GacS/GacA two-component system and its mechanism of action in Pseudomonas

Abstract:

The signal transduction system helps microorganisms adapt to complex environmental changes. In Gram-negative bacteria, the two-component system (TCS) composed of the sensor kinase GacS and the response regulator GacA is a global regulatory system and plays an important role in regulating secondary metabolism and signal communication. The GacS/GacA two-component system regulates multiple life activities of bacteria, including the adaptation to soil environment, the pathogenicity in plants, and antibiotic resistance. GacS and GacA in Pseudomonas present highly homologous structures and discrepant regulatory mechanisms in different species and pathogenic variants. This paper summarizes the research progress of the GacS/GacA two-component system in Pseudomonas from signal transduction, regulatory network, and main regulatory functions. This review is expected to provide reference for the research on the mechanism of the GacS/GacA two-component system in regulating bacterial pathogenicity.