Biosynthesis and molecular regulation of phytotoxin thaxtomins: a review

Abstract:

Potato scab, a soil-borne bacterial disease that exists worldwide, is difficult to control. The phytotoxin thaxtomins, produced by the secondary metabolism of Streptomyces scabies, are the main cause of potato scab, and result in serious damage to potato and other crop industries. Due to the serious impact of S. scabies on agriculture, the biosynthesis and molecular regulation of thaxtomins have attracted many attentions and made great progress. This article reviewed the structural characteristics, biosynthesis, and heterologous expression of thaxtomins, focusing on the molecular regulatory mechanism of thaxtomins biosynthesis in S. scabies. This review helps deeply understand the regulatory network of the secondary metabolism of S. scabies, and provides theoretical guidance for the development of new control strategies for potato scab in the future.