DNA polymerase IV: a potential target of drugs against bacteria

Abstract:

Pathogens and their drug resistance are key issues of global public health. Numerous zoonotic pathogens can be transmitted to humans through the food industry chain. Drug resistance makes infections more difficult to treat, increasing the risk of disease transmission and death. Studying the variation patterns, virulence, and pathogenic mechanisms of pathogens at the molecular level will help us to find new drug targets and developing new drugs. DNA polymerase IV (Pol IV), an important member of the γ family polymerases, is ubiquitous in the three life domains (prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea). This enzyme is involved in the translesion DNA synthesis and plays a critical role in bacteria. It not only responds to DNA damage under SOS response and RpoS regulation but also is involved in the acquisition of antibiotic resistance and adaptation. This paper reviewed the recent studies related to bacterial Pol IV, including the genetic and structural features, expression regulation, and effects on bacterial adaptation, and discussed the feasibility of Pol IV as a potential drug target.