Drug resistance of bacteria based on translation regulation: a review

Abstract:

Due to the extensive use of antibiotics, the drug resistance of bacteria has become prominent, threatening human health and economy. The genetic and molecular mechanisms of bacterial drug resistance have been intensively investigated, while the corresponding regulatory mechanism has been rarely explored. Translation regulation, one of the most important regulation methods in organisms, has been underestimated in the research on bacterial resistance. This review introduced the main mechanisms of antibiotics affecting the translation process, and systematically summarized the research progress of bacterial resistance based on translation regulation from the aspects of ribosomal modification and mutation, dynamic regulation of total tRNA, tRNA aminoacylation, tRNA methylation, ribosomal protective proteins and translation factors, etc. We hope to provide a new perspective on the bacterial drug resistance, as well as some new ideas for the development of novel translation-targeted antibiotics.