Research status of the diversity of natural microbial community and metabolic enzyme system in grape ecosystem

Abstract:

Natural microorganisms are important factors affecting the physiological growth of grape and the quality of wine, and widely exist in the ecosystem of grape and wine. The species, number and distribution of microorganisms depend on many factors such as climate, soil, growth period and fermentation process control. Under natural conditions, the species composition and metabolism of grape microecosystem directly affect the health of grape vine and the fermentation quality of wine, and produce specific wine terroir. Therefore, the diversity and dynamics of fungal and bacterial communities in vineyard soil, grape berry and wine natural fermentation, as well as the effects of their metabolic enzymes on wine quality were reviewed in this paper, with a view to fully understand the physiological metabolism and ecological function of the microbial community, exploring the interaction mechanism and metabolic function of the grape microecology, and promoting the development of the microbial community in the beneficial direction of grape and wine, in order to achieve the goal of sustainable and high-quality development of grape ecosystem.

Key words:microbial diversity;grape berry;natural fermentation;enzyme system