Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity in rhizosphere soil of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. in Chongqing region by high-throughput sequencing

Abstract:

[Background] Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is the most widely distributed mycorrhizal fungus among soil microflora. They can form mycorrhizal symbiosis with more than 90% of the vascular plants, and enhance the plant’s resistance by regulating the plant’s physiological and metabolic processes. [Objective] To reveal the structure and composition of AMF in rhizosphere soil of Chinese herbal medicine Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. from Chongqing area, and to analyze the influence of soil factors on AMF groups. [Methods] Using rhizosphere soils of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. collected from Pengshui, Xiushan, Shizhu, Nanchuan and Youyang counties in Chongqing as material, to analyze the differences in the composition and diversity of AMF from different locations and soils via high-throughput sequencing. [Results] The mycorrhizal infection rate of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. was more than 50%, and the content of soil spores was more than 50 per 10 g of air dried soil, and the highest number was 144. Three classes, 4 orders, 8 families and 9 genera of Glomeromycota including Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Gigaspora, Paraglomus, Archaeospora, Ambispora, Acaulospora, Diversispora and Scutellospora were detected in rhizosphere soil. The first six genera were common to soil samples of five counties. Glomus had the highest relative abundance of 67%, which was the dominant group in all samples. RDA analysis showed that soil pH had the greatest effect on AMF community composition. Soil pH, organic matter, alkaline nitrogen and available potassium were positively correlated with Shannon index, while available phosphorus was negatively correlated. The correlation between each soil factor and Simpson index was opposite. Five soil factors were negatively correlated with Chao1 index. In addition, pH and organic matter were positively correlated with ACE index, while alkaline nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus were negatively correlated. [Conclusion] The rhizosphere soil of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. is rich in AMF resources, and soil factors have significant effects on the composition and abundance of AMF community, which is one of the important reasons for the difference of AMF community structure and geographical distribution pattern.