Application of electrochemical immunosensors in the diagnosis of zoonoses in livestock in China

Abstract:

Zoonoses are infectious diseases that naturally transmit between humans and vertebrates, accounting for 60% of all known human infectious diseases. These diseases pose threats to public health, food security, and biodiversity on a global scale. rapid and sensitive methods for early-stage detection are urgently needed and of great significance to controlling infection sources and preventing the spread of zoonoses. Electrochemical biosensors represent an innovative analytical technology that integrates electrochemistry with biotechnology, enabling precise qualitative and quantitative detection of target analytes. Moreover, they are praised for the simple operation, low costs, high specificity, and broad detection ranges. As a notable branch of electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical immunosensors have been extensively applied in clinical diagnosis, food safety test, and environmental monitoring. This article introduces the principles and classification of electrochemical immunosensors and reviews their advancements in detecting zoonotic bacteria, viruses, and parasites. In addition, this article summarizes the advantages and challenges of applying electrochemical immunosensors in the detection of zoonotic pathogens in livestock in China.

Key words:zoonoses;electrochemical biosensors;electrochemical immunosensors;pathogen detection