牙龈卟啉单胞菌与阿尔茨海默病相关性致病机制

Association of Porphyromonas gingivalis with Alzheimer’s disease

摘要:

牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis)作为牙周炎的关键致病细菌之一，与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)的发生发展密切相关。P.gingivalis通过分泌多种毒力因子，如脂多糖、牙龈蛋白酶及外膜囊泡，促进了AD的发展。这些毒力因子能够引发机体的炎症反应、β-淀粉样蛋白的沉积、Tau蛋白磷酸化、神经毒性作用及血脑屏障(blood brain barrier, BBB)的损害，在AD的发病机制中有重要作用。因此本文综述了P.gingivalis与AD之间的潜在致病机制，以便为AD的预防和治疗提供新的靶点。

Abstract:

As one of the key pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis is closely associated with the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). P. gingivalis promotes the development of AD by secreting various virulence factors, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), gingipains, and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). These virulence factors are capable of inducing systemic inflammation, β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, Tau protein phosphorylation, neurotoxicity, and damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), playing a role in the pathogenesis of AD. This review summarizes the association between P. gingivalis and AD, aiming to provide a new target for the prevention and treatment of AD.