假单胞菌属的GacS/GacA双组分系统及其作用机制研究进展

Research progress in GacS/GacA two-component system and its mechanism of action in Pseudomonas

摘要:

微生物的信号转导系统有助于它们适应复杂的环境变化，由感应蛋白激酶和反应调控蛋白构成的双组分系统(two-component system, TCS)是革兰氏阴性细菌中的全局性调控系统，在调控次生代谢和信号通讯中扮演着重要角色。GacS/GacA双组分系统在细菌适应土壤环境、对植物的致病性和耐受性中起着调控的作用。假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)中GacS和GacA的结构高度同源，在属内不同的种以及致病变种中的调控机理存在不同程度的差异，本文从GacS/GacA双组分系统在假单胞菌属中的信号转导、调控网络，以及在调控途径中的主要功能等多个角度总结了其研究进展，期望为GacS/GacA双组分系统参与调控细菌致病性的机理研究提供参考。

Abstract:

The signal transduction system helps microorganisms adapt to complex environmental changes. In Gram-negative bacteria, the two-component system (TCS) composed of the sensor kinase GacS and the response regulator GacA is a global regulatory system and plays an important role in regulating secondary metabolism and signal communication. The GacS/GacA two-component system regulates multiple life activities of bacteria, including the adaptation to soil environment, the pathogenicity in plants, and antibiotic resistance. GacS and GacA in Pseudomonas present highly homologous structures and discrepant regulatory mechanisms in different species and pathogenic variants. This paper summarizes the research progress of the GacS/GacA two-component system in Pseudomonas from signal transduction, regulatory network, and main regulatory functions. This review is expected to provide reference for the research on the mechanism of the GacS/GacA two-component system in regulating bacterial pathogenicity.