Abstract:[Background] The renaming of “microbiome” signifies changes in the conceptual understanding and research methodologies of microbiomes. [Objective] To understand the development status and differences in the field of microbiomes around the world and provide countermeasures and suggestions for China to promote the research and development of microbiomes. [Methods] On the basis of the results from policy research, bibliometrics, and patent analysis, this paper compares the status of the microbiome field around the globe from four aspects: strategic environment, basic research, patent layout, and clinical translation. [Results] The global strategic layout of microbiomes was led by the United States, Canada, and the European Union. The basic research in this field has gradually deepened, and the patented technology has entered a stage of rapid development. However, the clinical translation of research results was insufficient. China started late in the research on microbiomes but demonstrated rapidly increasing basic studies and patents. [Conclusion] In light of these results, three suggestions are proposed to accelerate the development of microbiome research and application in improving one health in China. The three suggestions are establishing a regulatory system aligned with development of the healthy industry, strengthening the role of microbiome enterprises as innovation leaders, and fostering talent pipelines in the microbiome and one health fields.
