脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法的文献计量学和可视化分析

Bibliometric and visual analyses of sepsis and gut microbial therapy

摘要:

【背景】 肠道微生物在脓毒症发生发展中的机制已被广泛报道，基于肠道微生物群在脓毒症中的重要作用，微生物疗法通过调节肠道微生物群结构或产物的方式或许能够成为脓毒症常规治疗之外的有效补充，然而微生物疗法的安全性问题一直是限制其大规模应用的主要因素。我国脓毒症患者的数量众多，并且在脓毒症与微生物疗法相关研究领域起步较晚，通过分析和借鉴国际上有关于脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法的相关研究，对推动我国在该领域的深入发展具有重要意义。【目的】 分析脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法的研究现状、研究热点与前沿趋势。【方法】 检索Web of Science (WOS)核心合集数据库和中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI)数据库中2001年1月至2023年11月期间收录的关于脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法的相关文献，通过CiteSpace软件对其发文量、发文国家、发文机构、发文作者、期刊和关键词等进行可视化分析。【结果】 经过数据检索和筛选，最终于WOS核心合集数据库纳入可供分析的文献807篇、CNKI数据库49篇。从WOS发现，在脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法研究中发文量最多的国家为美国(the United States, the US)，中心度最高的国家为瑞典(Sweden)；发文量最多的机构为西澳大学(University of Western Australia)，而中心度最高的为伦敦大学(University of London)，高产作者有PATOLE S、RAO S、ATHALYEJAPE G和Fang H等，高频关键词包括necrotizing enterocolitis、sepsis、double blind、preterm infants和gut microbiota等，主要聚类方向有#0 necrotizing enterocolitis、#1 enteral nutrition、#2 preterm infants、#3 fecal microbiota transplantion、#4 critical care、#5 Escherichia coli、#6 sepsis和#7 acute pancreatitis等。从CNKI可知，国内主要研究机构有南方医科大学、郑州大学和河北医科大学等，关键词包括脓毒症、益生菌、肠道菌群和肠内营养等，主要聚类方向为#0免疫功能、#1肠道菌群、#2肠内营养、#3脓毒症、#4感染和#5粪菌移植等。【结论】 利用CiteSpace软件对脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法的研究进行文献计量及可视化分析，发现该研究方向持续受到全球各科研机构及研究者的关注，脓毒症和necrotizing enterocolitis这两个关键词分别代表了国内外脓毒症与肠道微生物疗法相关研究中的热点词，并且该领域的研究正逐步从探索研究阶段向临床应用转变。

Abstract:

[Background] The role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of sepsis has been extensively reported. Considering the important role of gut microbiota in sepsis, it may be a new way to treat sepsis by regulating the structure or products of gut microbiota. However, the safety issue has been a main factor limiting the large-scale application of the microbial therapy. China has a number of sepsis patients, while the research on the microbial therapy for sepsis starts late. Reviewing the international studies about sepsis and gut microbial therapy is of great significance for promoting China’s research in this field. [Objective] To analyze the research status, hotspots, and frontiers of sepsis and gut microbial therapy. [Methods] We retrieved the articles about gut microbial therapy and sepsis from Web of Science (WOS) core collection and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) with the time interval from January 2001 to November 2023. CiteSpace was used to perform visual analysis of the number of publications, publishing countries, publishing institutions, authors, journals, and keywords and establish the visual diagrams. [Results] After data retrieval and screening, 807 articles from WOS and 49 articles from CNKI were included for analysis. Within the global range, the country with the largest number of publications about sepsis and gut microbial therapy was the United States, and the country with the highest centrality was Sweden; the most prolific institution was the University of Western Australia, while the institution with the highest centrality was the University of London; the highly productive authors included PATOLES, RAOS, ATHALYEJAPE G, and FANG H; the high-frequency keywords included necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, double blind, preterm infants, and gut microbiota; the main clusters were #0 necrotizing enterocolitis, #1 enteral nutrition, #2 preterm infants, #3 fecal microbiota transplantion, #4 critical care, #5 Escherichia coli, #6 sepsis, #7 acute pancreatitis, etc. In China, the main research institutions in this field included Southern Medical University, Zhengzhou University, and Hebei Medical University; the keywords included sepsis, probiotics, gut microbiota, and enteral nutrition; the main clusters were #0 immune function, #1 gut microbiota, #2 enteral nutrition, #3 sepsis, #4 infection, #5 fecal microbiota transplantation, etc. [Conclusion] CiteSpace was used to conduct bibliometric and visual analyses of the research on gut microbial therapy and sepsis. The research in this field continued to attract the attention of research institutions and researchers around the world. Sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis represent the hot words in the research of gut microbial therapy and sepsis in China and the world, respectively. The research in this field is evolving from basic exploration to clinical application.