猪流行性腹泻病毒在规模化抗体阳性猪场的动态传播

Dynamic transmission of PEDV in a large antibody-positive swine farm

摘要:

【背景】 猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, PEDV)是导致仔猪腹泻的最主要病原之一。因其发病迅速难以记录，目前尚无关于PEDV感染仔猪后病原在猪场内分布的动态研究报道。【目的】 探索PEDV在规模化猪场内的动态传播过程，改进防控猪流行性腹泻(porcine epidemic diarrhea, PED)的策略。【方法】 模拟PEDV在封闭的规模化养殖场中感染仔猪后的传播过程，检测猪群及场内不同区域的病毒丰度。【结果】 仔猪肛拭子和空气样品病毒丰度在仔猪感染PEDV初期具有明显的一致性变化，PEDV在场内的传播与员工移动密切相关，并且洗澡间可能是PEDV的重要藏匿点。【结论】 猪舍空气的病毒丰度有可能作为PED早期的监测指标，并且员工相关的介质和场地是PEDV生物安全防控的重要对象。本研究为改进猪场针对PED的生物安全防控提供了一定参考，并且为类似病毒在规模化猪场传播的研究工作奠定了基础。

Abstract:

[Background] Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is one of the major pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets. The rapid onset makes it difficult to document the cases, and few studies have reported the dynamics of PEDV distribution in pig farms after PEDV infection in piglets. [Objective] To explore the transmission dynamics of PEDV in large swine farms and improve the strategy for the prevention and control of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). [Methods] The transmission process of PEDV after infection in piglets in a closed large farm was simulated and the virus abundance in piglets and different areas of the farm was determined. [Results] The virus abundance of anal swabs and air samples presented consistent changes in the early stage of PEDV infection in piglets. The spread of PEDV in the farm was closely related to the movement of employees, and the bathing room might be a major hiding place of PEDV. [Conclusion] The virus abundance in the air of swine barns has the potential to be used as a monitoring indicator in the early stage of PED, and employee-associated media and sites are key targets for the prevention and control of PEDV. This study provides a reference for improving the control of PED and lays a foundation for research on the spread of similar viruses in large pig farms.