昆虫共生菌在医药领域的应用

Application of insect symbionts in the medical field

摘要:

昆虫共生菌及其代谢产物复杂多样，具有潜在的医药价值。一些可体外培养的昆虫共生菌活体菌株可用于临床加快伤口愈合和治疗肠易激综合征等。一些昆虫共生菌产生的有机酸、抗菌肽和生物碱能抑制人体病原菌，产生的脂肪酶、酵母毒素KT和活性氧能杀死疟原虫，产生的肽类、聚酮和酯类能抑制人体肿瘤。但是，受到功能菌株分离培养困难、临床试验不足和次级代谢产物引起的临床不良反应等方面的限制，共生菌在医药领域的应用仍处于初级阶段。本文对昆虫共生菌及其代谢产物的医药功能进行了综述，并分析了它们在医药领域的应用现状、存在的问题和解决途径，以期推进功能性共生菌的研究和应用。

Abstract:

Insect symbionts and their metabolites are complex and diverse and have potential medical values. Some culturable symbionts in insects can be used to accelerate wound healing and treat the irritable bowel syndrome. The culturable symbionts in insects can produce a variety of active compounds. Among them, organic acids, antimicrobial peptides, and alkaloids can inhibit the pathogens of humans; lipases, yeast killer toxin (KT), and reactive oxygen species can kill malaria parasites; peptides, polyketides, and esters can inhibit human tumors. However, due to the limitations from immature isolation and culture methods, insufficient clinical trials, and clinical adverse reactions caused by their secondary metabolites, the application of insect symbionts in the medical field is still in its infancy. This paper reviewed the medical functions of insect symbionts and their metabolites and summarized the status, problems, and solutions in the application of insect symbionts and their metabolites in the medical field, aiming to give insights into the study and application of functional symbionts.