环境介质中多溴联苯醚微生物降解影响因素及强化手段研究进展

Research progress in influencing factors and intensifying approaches of microbial degradation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental media

摘要:

多溴联苯醚是常用的阻燃剂，在全球环境中广泛分布且难以降解，因此严重危害生态环境。由于其潜在的毒性、耐久性和生物累积性，如何高效降解多溴联苯醚备受关注，其中，微生物降解法因其成本低、效果好和二次污染小，成为当前研究热点。本文介绍了水体、大气和土壤等多介质中多溴联苯醚的污染现状及毒理性，重点阐述了微生物降解过程的主要影响因素、厌氧和好氧降解方式的不同途径、多种强化手段及作用机制，并对新材料和密度泛函理论等新兴研究方法在多溴联苯醚微生物原位降解中的应用提出了展望，为多溴联苯醚污染治理提供了理论依据和技术支持。

Abstract:

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are frequently used flame retardants. They are widely distributed in the global environment and difficult to be degraded, causing serious harm to the environment. Due to their potential toxicity, durability, and bioaccumulation, more and more attention has been paid to degrading PBDEs with high efficiency. The microbial degradation method has become a research hotspot because of the low cost, high efficiency, and low secondary pollution. This paper first introduces the pollution status of PBDEs in water, atmosphere, and soil and the toxicity of PBDEs to biological health. Then, it elaborates on the key factors influencing microbial degradation, the different pathways of anaerobic and aerobic degradation, and the intensifying approaches and mechanism of degradation. Finally, we prospect the application of new materials, density functional theory, and new research methods in the in-situ degradation of PBDEs, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for treating the pollution of PBDEs.