洁丽新韧伞的子实体培育与生物活性评价

Artificial cultivation and biological activity evaluation of Neolentinus lepideus

摘要:

【背景】我国食用菌产量高，但新品种的选育相对滞后，需要加强对野生食用菌资源的挖掘和利用。【目的】人工培育洁丽新韧伞子实体，通过生物活性分析评价其开发潜力。【方法】从山西省交城县采集野生洁丽新韧伞子实体，分离菌种并诱导产生子实体，对得到的人工子实体进行生物活性分析和营养成分含量测定。【结果】从洁丽新韧伞野生子实体中分离得到菌株ZYJ0862，经系统发育分析确认其为洁丽新韧伞(Neolentinus lepideus)。该菌株在以樟子松木屑为主料、玉米粉为辅料的栽培培养基上能成功诱导出与野生子实体形态特征一致的人工子实体。通过与5种常见栽培菇的比较，洁丽新韧伞人工子实体表现出较强的抗氧化和纤维素酶活性，以及一定的木质素降解酶活性。营养成分含量分析发现，洁丽新韧伞人工子实体呈现出高蛋白、低热量、低脂肪的特点。【结论】本研究报道了洁丽新韧伞在山西的分布，确认洁丽新韧伞菌株ZYJ0862能够人工诱导出子实体，具有一定的开发潜力，并为洁丽新韧伞的规模化栽培提供了理论依据。

关键词:洁丽新韧伞;人工栽培;抗氧化;纤维素降解;木质素降解;营养成分

Abstract:

[Background] Although being a major producer of edible fungi, China remains to improve the breeding of new varieties and strengthen the excavation and utilization of wild edible fungal resources. [Objective] To cultivate the fruiting bodies of Neolentinus lepideus and evaluate its development potential based on the biological activity analyses. [Methods] The wild fruiting bodies of N. lepideus were collected from Jiaocheng County, Shanxi Province, and the cultures were isolated and induced to produce fruiting bodies in the laboratory. The biological activities and nutrient composition of the artificially cultivated fruiting bodies were determined. [Results] From the wild fruiting bodies of N. lepideus, the strain ZYJ0862 was obtained and identified as N. lepideus by the phylogenetic analysis. On the medium with pine sawdust as the main material and corn meal as the complementary material, the strain was successfully induced to generate fruiting bodies. The artificially cultivated fruiting bodies had consistent morphological characteristics with the wild fruiting bodies. Compared with five other commercially cultivated mushrooms, the artificially cultivated fruiting bodies of N. lepideus showed strong antioxidant and cellulase activities, as well as certain lignin-degrading enzyme activities. In addition, the artificially cultivated fruiting bodies of N. lepideus had high protein, low calorie, and low fat. [Conclusion] The distribution of N. lepideus in Shanxi was reported for the first time in this study. The strain ZYJ0862 capable of generating fruiting bodies under artificial cultivation conditions demonstrated high development potential. This study provided a theoretical basis for the large-scale cultivation of N. lepideus.

Key words:Neolentinus lepideus;artificial cultivation;anti-oxidation;cellulose degradation;lignin degradation;nutrient composition