瓜菜枯萎病及生防根际微生物组研究进展

Research progress in Fusarium wilt of cucurbitaceous vegetables and rhizosphere microbiome for biocontrol

摘要:

枯萎病是顽固性土传病害，称为瓜菜中的“癌症”，已成为制约我国瓜菜产业可持续健康发展的瓶颈问题。本文简要介绍瓜菜枯萎病危害，并从细胞壁降解酶、毒素、信号传导和致病基因等方面综述瓜菜枯萎病灾变机制，然后从根际微生物组自身与病原菌、土壤层面和植物层面等重点阐述了根际微生物组防治和抵御瓜菜枯萎病的机理，最后对枯萎病发生和抑制关键因子挖掘、核心微生物组构建及根际微生物组分子机制等进行了展望，期望生防微生物防治病害发生进入一个崭新且高效的阶段，为加快提升作物抗逆性机理研究提供一定思路。

Abstract:

Fusarium wilt is a refractory soil-borne disease known as "cancer" in cucurbitaceous vegetables. It has become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of the cucurbitaceous vegetable industry in China. We briefed the negative impacts of Fusarium wilt on cucurbitaceous vegetables and introduced the damaging mechanism of Fusarium wilt from cell wall-degrading enzymes, toxins, signal transduction, and virulence genes. Furthermore, we innovatively elaborated on the mechanism by which rhizosphere microbiome in defending against Fusarium wilt of cucurbitaceous vegetables from the pathogen, soil, and plant perspectives. We then discussed the key factors associated with the occurrence and inhibition of Fusarium wilt. Finally, we prospected the construction of the core microbiome and the research on the molecular mechanism of rhizosphere microbiome. It is expected that the application of biocontrol microorganisms in the prevention and control of diseases will enter a new era. This work can provide ideas for deciphering the mechanism of improving crop resistance to diseases.