微藻两阶段培养技术研究进展

Progress in two-stage culture of microalgae

摘要:

微藻细胞富含油脂、淀粉及其他高值代谢物，可用于食品、饲料、化学品和能源的生产。但在规模化培养中，微藻的高生长速率和高产物含量难以兼得，制约了其商业化应用。通过微藻的两阶段培养技术可以将生长和产物积累的时期分离，从而同时获得较高的微藻生物量和产物含量。该技术具有产品得率高、节能减排、适用范围广的优点，是推进微藻商业化的关键之一。本综述总结了现有微藻两阶段培养技术的优势和产品类型，解析了目前微藻两阶段培养技术的限制因素及发展前景，并提出微藻两阶段培养中存在阶段转换时间尚不明确、中间采收步骤成本高这两个限制该技术应用的关键瓶颈，从而为未来微藻两阶段培养技术规模化生产方案的科学决策与实施提供参考。

Abstract:

Microalgae are rich in lipids, starch and other high-value metabolites that can be used in the production of food, feed, chemicals, and energy. However, the trade-off between the growth and product accumulation of microalgae in large-scale culture restricts the commercial application of microalgae. The two-stage culture of microalgae can overcome this problem by separating cell growth from product accumulation. It is one of the key means to promote the commercialization of microalgae, with high productivity, low energy consumption, emission reduction, and a wide application range. This review summarizes the advantages and product types of the existing two-stage culture technology of microalgae, analyzes the limiting factors, and discusses the prospects for the future of this technology. Moreover, this paper points out that the unclear stage transition time and high cost of intermediate harvesting are two bottlenecks that limit the application of this technology. This review provides a theoretical foundation and technical means for the decision-making and implementation of a large-scale production plan for the two-stage culture of microalgae in the future.