Spinal cord injury as a traumatic stress may trigger anxiety in patients. Studies have shown that intestinal dysbacteriosis is closely related to the occurrence of anxiety after spinal cord injury. This article expounds the mechanisms by which the alteration of gut microbiota affects the occurrence of anxiety after spinal cord injury from four aspects: serotonin system dysregulation, dopamine system dysregulation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor deficiency, and inflammatory response. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for future in-depth research and drug development for the treatment of anxiety after spinal cord injury.
