五种矿质元素对草菇菌丝生长和活性氧清除能力的影响

Effects of five mineral elements on mycelial growth and active oxygen scavenging ability of Volvariella volvacea

摘要:

【背景】菌种退化是草菇生产中面临的难题，探究一种简单高效的复壮方法是草菇产业亟须解决的问题。【目的】探讨外源添加5种矿质元素对草菇退化菌株的菌丝性状和活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)清除能力的影响。【方法】筛选出5种矿质元素的最佳浓度并添加于PDA培养基中，测定草菇菌落形态、菌丝生长速度、菌丝生物量、ROS含量、抗氧化酶活性及抗氧化物质含量。【结果】MnSO₄、Na₂SeO₃、CaSO₄、FeSO₄可有效提高草菇退化菌株D1和D2的菌丝生长速度和生物量；降低O₂·⁻、H₂O₂等ROS的含量，并增加还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione, GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(glutathione disulfide, GSSG)的含量及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GPX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathione reductase, GR)等抗氧化酶的活力；而ZnSO₄对D1、D2的菌丝性状和ROS清除能力影响不显著。【结论】外源添加MnSO₄、Na₂SeO₃、CaSO₄、FeSO₄可有效提高草菇菌丝生长和活性氧清除能力，其中MnSO₄的效果最佳。

Abstract:

[Background] Strain degradation is a difficult problem in the production of Volvariella volvacea. Exploring a simple and efficient rejuvenation method is an urgent problem to be solved in the V. volvacea industry. [Objective] To investigate the effects of exogenous addition of five mineral elements on mycelial traits and active oxygen scavenging ability of degraded strains of V. volvacea. [Methods] The optimum concentrations of five mineral elements were selected and added to the potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The colony morphology, mycelial growth rate, mycelial biomass, active oxygen content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and antioxidant substance content of V. volvacea were determined. [Results] MnSO₄, Na₂SeO₃, CaSO₄, and FeSO₄ could effectively improve the mycelial growth rate and biomass of the degraded strains D1 and D2. The content of active oxygens such as O₂·^- and H₂O₂ was decreased, and the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GR) were increased. However, ZnSO₄ had no significant effect on mycelial traits and active oxygen scavenging ability of D1 and D2. [Conclusion] Exogenous addition of MnSO₄, Na₂SeO₃, CaSO₄, and FeSO₄ can effectively improve the mycelial growth and active oxygen scavenging ability of V. volvacea, and the effect of MnSO₄ was optimal.