水产动物副溶血弧菌病及其噬菌体防治研究进展

Vibriosis caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic animals and bacteriophage therapy: a review

摘要:

副溶血弧菌是水产动物弧菌病的重要病原微生物之一，又是食源性致病菌，摄入被其污染的水产品后可引发肠胃炎、败血症和坏死性筋膜炎等疾病，对水产养殖业及公共卫生安全均具有较大威胁。抗生素大量使用甚至滥用，不可避免地会带来水产品药物残留和细菌耐药等问题，开发安全有效的抗生素替代品迫在眉睫。作为细菌病毒，噬菌体具有宿主特异性强、易筛选、易保存、高效直接等优点，在水产养殖病害防控和食品安全领域受到广泛关注。本文概述了水产动物的副溶血弧菌病及该菌噬菌体防治的研究进展，为副溶血弧菌噬菌体及制剂应用于水产养殖病害生物防控提供参考。

Abstract:

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of vibriosis in aquatic animals, is a foodborne pathogen responsible for fatal diseases such as gastroenteritis, septicemia, and necrotizing fasciitis in humans via the ingestion of contaminated seafood, posing a great threat to both aquaculture and public health security. The abuse and over-use of antibiotics have caused drug residues in aquatic products and bacterial resistance. It is therefore urgent to develop safe and effective antibiotic substitutes. As a bacterial virus, phage possesses many advantages such as host specificity, easy availability, easy preservation, and high efficiency, which attracted increasing attention in the prevention and control of diseases in aquaculture and in the field of food safety. This paper reviewed the studies of vibriosis in aquatic animals and its bacteriophage therapy, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and data support for the application of V. parahaemolyticus phage in the biocontrol of diseases in aquaculture.