益生菌辅助治疗牙周病的研究进展

Research progress of probiotics in adjuvant treatment of periodontal disease

摘要:

牙周病是累及牙周支持组织的慢性感染性疾病。牙菌斑生物膜中的微生物及其代谢产物是其必不可少的始动因素，可导致口腔微生态失衡和宿主免疫反应，最终引起牙周病的发生发展。目前，牙周病的基础治疗主要是机械清除牙菌斑生物膜和牙石，但治疗效果具有局限性。益生菌通过产生抑菌物质、刺激局部免疫反应、与致病菌争夺黏膜受体和营养物质，从而改善口腔微生态平衡，促进牙周病的治疗。本文就近年来益生菌在牙周病治疗上的实验和临床研究、作用机制、安全性等进行综述，为将来益生菌辅助治疗牙周病的应用提供参考。

Abstract:

Periodontal disease is a chronic infectious disease involving periodontal supporting tissue. Microorganisms and their metabolites in dental plaque biofilm are key initiating factors of periodontal disease, which can lead to oral microecological imbalance and host immune response. At present, periodontal disease is mainly treated by mechanical removal of dental plaque biofilm and calculus, which has limited therapeutic effect. Probiotics can improve the balance of oral microecology and promote the treatment of periodontal diseases by producing antibacterial substances, stimulating local immune responses, and competing with pathogenic bacteria for mucosal receptors and nutrients. This paper reviews the experimental and clinical studies, mechanism of action, and safety of probiotics in the treatment of periodontal disease in recent years, providing reference for the application of probiotics in this field in the future.