昆明西山森林公园天然虫生真菌及其内生真菌的分离鉴定及多样性分析

Isolation, identification, and diversity analysis of natural entomogenous fungi and endophytic fungi in Xishan Forest Park of Kunming

摘要:

【背景】不同地区虫草物种多样性的调查是虫草相关研究的热点之一，虫草真菌区系研究是真菌资源研究的重要内容。【目的】了解云南省昆明市西山森林公园天然虫生真菌及其内生真菌的多样性，增加对虫草真菌区系的认识。【方法】对该地区通过资源调查并采用组织分离法对采集的虫草样本进行虫生真菌及其内生真菌的分离，利用形态特征观察及ITS联合nrSSU、nrLSU、translation elongation factor-1α(tef-1α)、rpb1、rpb2多基因测序进行虫生真菌物种鉴定及多样性分析。【结果】共采集45份云南省昆明市西山森林公园天然虫草样本，鉴定结果表明隶属于2科5属12种，包括虫草科(Cordycipitaceae)的鳞翅虫草属(Samsoniella)(2种，含疑似新种1个)、虫草属(Cordyceps)(4种)和白僵菌属(Beauveria)(4种)，以及线虫草科(Ophiocordycipitaceae)的紫枝孢属(Purpureocillium)(1种)和弯颈霉属(Tolypocladium)(1种，为疑似新种)，优势属为虫草属(Cordyceps)，优势种为环链虫草(Cordyceps cateniannulata)(生态优势度=0.241380)。同时，从采集的虫草样本中分离鉴定得到67株隶属于13科14属的内生真菌，其中，木霉属(Trichoderma)(28%)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium)(19%)为此次分离鉴定得到的优势菌属。【结论】本研究补充了西山森林公园虫草生物多样性资源数据库，有利于云南虫草生物多样性资源的保护和利用，同时对虫草真菌区系的系统研究也加深了我们对虫草真菌区系的认识。

Abstract:

[Background] The investigation of Cordyceps species diversity in different areas is one of the hotspots of Cordyceps -related research, and the study on Cordyceps -related fungi flora is an important content of fungus resources research. [Objective] To investigate the diversity of natural entomogenous fungi and endophytic fungi in Xishan Forest Park of Kunming in Yunnan, and increase the understanding of Cordyceps -related fungi flora. [Methods] The resources of Cordyceps species were investigated, and the tissue separation method was used to isolate entomogenous fungi and endophytic fungi from the samples of Cordyceps species. Morphological observation and multi-gene sequencing of ITS combined with nrSSU, nrLSU, translation elongation factor-1α (tef-1α), rpb1, and rpb2 were used to identify the entomogenic fungi of Cordyceps species and analyze their diversity. [Results] Forty-five natural samples of Cordyceps species were collected from Xishan Forest Park of Kunming, which belonged to 12 species, 5 genera, and 2 families, including 2 Samsoniella sp. with 1 potential new species, 4 Cordyceps sp., and 4 Beauveria sp. in Cordycipitaceae, and 1 Purpureocillium sp., and 1 Tolypocladium sp. (potential new species) in Ophiocordycipitaceae. The dominant genus was Cordyceps, and the dominant species was Cordyceps cateniannulata (ecological dominance=0.241 380). Meanwhile, 67 strains of endophytic fungi in 14 genera of 13 families were isolated from the samples, among which Trichoderma (28%) and Fusarium (19%) were the dominant genera. [Conclusion] This study supplements the resource database of Cordyceps biodiversity in Xishan Forest Park of Kunming, which is conducive to the protection and utilization of Cordyceps biodiversity resources in Yunnan. At the same time, this systematic study also deepens the understanding of Cordyceps -related fungi flora.