链球菌突破血脑屏障的作用机制研究进展

Progress in mechanism of Streptococcus penetrating blood-brain barrier

摘要:

血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier，BBB)是中枢神经系统(central nervous system，CNS)的天然结构和功能屏障之一，可有效阻止病原菌的入侵。然而病原菌能通过其自身毒力因子与脑内皮细胞相互作用，诱导宿主免疫应答反应，分泌大量细胞因子、趋化因子等，破坏紧密连接蛋白，最终突破血脑屏障，引起细菌性脑膜炎，产生不可逆的神经系统损伤。链球菌(Streptococcus)作为引起细菌性脑膜炎的重要病原菌，关于其突破血脑屏障分子机制研究已有显著进展。本文针对主要的链球菌，包括肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)、猪链球菌(Streptococcus suis)、B型链球菌(group B Streptococcus，GBS)、马链球菌等突破血脑屏障的作用机制研究进展进行综述。

关键词:血脑屏障;链球菌;细菌性脑膜炎

Abstract:

Blood-brain barrier (BBB), one of the natural structural and functional barriers of the central nervous system (CNS), can prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. However, pathogenic bacteria can interact with brain endothelial cells via their virulence factors to induce host immune response and massive secretion of cytokines and chemokines and destroy tight junction proteins to penetrate the blood brain barrier, causing bacterial meningitis and irreversible nervous system damage. Streptococcus is a major pathogen causing bacterial meningitis. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the research on the molecular mechanism of Streptococcus penetrating the blood-brain barrier. This article reviews the progress in the mechanism of main Streptococcus species including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, group B Streptococcus, and Streptococcus equi in passing through the blood-brain barrier.

Key words:blood-brain barrier;Streptococcus;bacterial meningitis