微生物二甲基巯基丙酸内盐(DMSP)合成途径中关键酶的研究进展

Research progress of key enzymes involved in the microbial dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) synthesis pathways

摘要:

二甲基巯基丙酸内盐(dimethylsulfoniopropionate，DMSP)是全球重要的有机硫化合物之一，参与全球硫循环、信号传递及气候调节。全球DMSP的产量每年高达10⁹ t。DMSP的主要生产者是海洋浮游植物及大型藻类，近年来发现一些海洋细菌也可以产生DMSP，是海洋中DMSP的一个重要来源。目前已报道的DMSP合成途径有3条：甲基化途径、转氨途径和脱羧途径，其中有5种DMSP合成关键酶被鉴定出来。根据近年来的研究成果，本文对DMSP合成过程中关键酶的研究进展进行综述，以期为进一步的研究提供思路。

Abstract:

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is one of the most important organic sulfur compounds in the world. It participates in the global sulfur cycle, signal transmission and potential regulation of global climate. The production of DMSP can reach up to 10⁹ tons every year, with the main producers being marine phytoplankton and macroalgae. In recent years, it has been reported that some marine bacteria can also produce DMSP, which is a previously overlooked source of DMSP. Up to date, three DMSP synthesis pathways have been identified:methylation pathway, transamination pathway and decarboxylation pathway. Five key enzymes involved in DMSP synthesis were identified. On the basis of the research results in recent years, this study reviewed the key enzymes involved in DMSP synthesis, and provided outlook for future research.