细菌生物膜在农田土壤污染修复中的应用研究进展

Application of bacterial biofilm in remediation of polluted farmland soil:a review

摘要:

全球农田土壤污染日趋严重。重金属、农药、微塑料作为常见的土壤污染物，已对农田生态系统与粮食安全造成严重威胁。细菌生物膜(bacterial biofilm，BF)作为分布于细菌表面的多组分聚集体，近年来已被证明在环境保护领域具有较高的应用价值。本文主要介绍了细菌生物膜的组成和功能，并对近年来细菌及其生物膜在重金属、有机物污染土壤修复中的应用及机理进行综述，展望生物膜群落结构在污染土壤中的修复潜力，以期深入理解细菌生物膜的关键作用，为挖掘更多细菌生物膜在环境保护方面的应用潜力提供理论指导。

Abstract:

Farmland soil pollution is becoming serious worldwide. As common soil pollutants, heavy metals, pesticides, and microplastics have posed a threat to farmland ecosystem and food security. Bacterial biofilm (BF), the multi-component aggregate on the surface of bacteria, has proved to have high value in environmental protection in recent years. This paper introduces the composition and functions of BF and summarizes the applications and mechanism of bacteria and BF in remediation of heavy metal- and organic-polluted soil in recent years. Moreover, the potential of BF for remediation of polluted soil is summarized. This study is expected to gain a clearer insight into the key role of BF and guide the exploration of potentials of BF in environmental protection.