原核生物毒素-抗毒素系统的研究进展

Advances in prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin system

摘要:

毒素-抗毒素系统(toxin-antitoxin system，TA)由具有杀菌或抑菌作用的毒素和能中和毒素毒性的抗毒素组成，在细菌和古菌的染色体和可移动遗传元件中分布广泛。TA系统具有结构和功能的多样性，目前分为八大类型(I-VIII型)。研究发现TA系统与细菌生物膜的形成、细菌毒力、耐药性细菌感染、质粒拷贝数的调控及原噬菌体切离后在细胞中的稳定维持等相关。文章综述了近年来TA系统的最新分类、TA系统的功能及抗毒素的其他调控功能等进展，并对TA领域的应用做了简要描述。

关键词:毒素-抗毒素系统;可移动遗传元件;TA的分类;TA的功能

Abstract:

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is prevalent in chromosomes and mobile genetic elements of bacteria and archaea. TA systems are diverse in structure and function, which are currently classified into eight types (type I-VIII). They are involved in biofilm formation, virulence, drug-resistant infection of host bacteria, regulation of plasmid copy number, and maintenance of prophage after its excision. In this paper, we reviewed the latest classification and functions of TA systems and the regulatory functions of antitoxin, and then briefly described the application of TA systems.

Key words:toxin-antitoxin system;mobile genetic elements;TA classification;TA functions