粪菌移植研究的文献计量学和可视化分析

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of research on fecal microbiota transplantation

摘要:

【背景】粪菌移植是近年医学领域研究的热点，不但能够治疗消化系统疾病，而且在神经及精神系统、心血管系统相关疾病的治疗中均有不错的疗效，有着广阔的应用前景。【目的】掌握国内外粪菌移植的研究现状、热点及发展趋势，为相关领域科研工作者的研究提供参考。【方法】基于Web of Science核心数据库，通过CiteSpace对2011-2021年的年度发文量、作者、国家、期刊、被引情况和关键词等进行可视化分析。【结果】筛选后共纳入4 905篇文献，目前全球粪菌移植研究的文献数量呈快速增长趋势；美国和中国是发文量最多的国家。中国学者的总发文量虽然位居世界第二，但中心度和篇均被引频次较低，说明受关注程度及学术影响力不足，在发文质量上还有待提高；Gastroenterology是国内外学者发文量最多的期刊，Frontiers in Microbiology是中国学者发文量最多的期刊；粪菌移植呈现出多学科交叉的发展特点；粪菌移植目前的研究热点主要与肠内疾病(炎症性肠病、艰难梭菌感染)和肠外疾病(如抑郁、冠状动脉粥样硬化等)有关；粪菌移植在未成年人中的应用、对胰岛素敏感度的影响、测序技术在肠道菌群的应用及粪菌移植更加精确的治疗策略可能会成为未来的研究趋势。【结论】粪菌移植研究目前正处于快速上升阶段，近年来的研究热点也逐渐从肠内疾病向肠外疾病扩展，未来把粪菌移植更加精确地应用到更多疾病的治疗中是必然的发展趋势。

Abstract:

[Background] Fecal microbiota transplantation is a hot research topic in medical field in recent years. It can not only treat digestive system diseases but also have significant efficacy for neuropsychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases. [Objective] To learn the latest research status, hot spots, development trends of fecal microbiota transplantation and to provide reference for researchers in related fields. [Methods] CiteSpace was employed to conduct the visualized analysis of annual publications, authors, countries, journals, citations and keywords of the related papers from 2011 to 2021 in the Web of Science Core Collection. [Results] A total of 4 905 papers were included for analysis after screening. The annual publications increased rapidly, and the United States and China were the top contributors. Although the total number of papers published by Chinese researchers ranks the second in the world, the papers had low centrality and citation frequency, which indicated low quality and weak academic influence. Gastroenterology was the journal with the largest number of articles published, and Frontiers in Microbiology was the journal with the largest number of articles published by Chinese researchers. Fecal microbiota transplantation presented the trend of interdisciplinary development. The current studies about fecal microbiota transplantation mainly focused on intestinal diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and Clostridium difficile infection) and extragastrointestinal diseases (e.g., depression and coronary atherosclerosis). The application of fecal microbiota transplantation in juveniles, influence of fecal microbiota transplantation on insulin sensitivity, application of sequencing technology in intestinal flora research, and more accurate therapies with fecal microbiota transplantation may become the hot spots in the future. [Conclusion] The research on fecal microbiota transplantation is advancing rapidly, with the focus gradually expanding from intestinal diseases to extragastrointestinal diseases. It is an inevitable trend to accurately apply fecal microbiota transplantation to the treatment of other diseases in the future.