内生菌莫拉维假单胞菌GF-55促进玉米生长和提高抗倒伏功能分析

Endophytic bacterial strain GF-55 improves the growth and lodging resistance of maize

摘要:

【背景】内生菌对作物生长发育和抗逆性有重要作用，本团队分离筛选了一株显著促进玉米生长的莫拉维假单胞菌(Pseudomonas moraviensis) GF-55。【目的】揭示莫拉维假单胞菌GF-55的促生抗倒伏能力。【方法】开展了盆栽及温室种植试验，并测定了玉米生长发育和抗倒伏相关指标。【结果】通过分析表明，GF-55菌处理与对照相比，玉米株高、苗干重和苗鲜重分别增加43.47%、26.67%和82.44%，根干重、鲜重、长、体积、表面积和平均直径分别增加231.25%、96.42%、141.68%、46.51%、37.07%和52.38%。菌株GF-55分泌生长激素吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid，IAA)、嗜铁素相对含量和解磷量分别为30.88μg/mL、50.20%和58.43 mg/L；温室试验发现施菌处理可显著提高玉米吐丝期后茎秆的抗倒伏效果，玉米茎秆穿刺、弯曲和压碎强度较对照分别增加15.78%、55.83%和33.71%。施菌处理的秸秆半纤维素、纤维素和木质素含量较对照分别增加10.56%、2.91%和48.01%。【结论】莫拉维假单胞菌GF-55具有促进玉米苗期生长并增强玉米吐丝期后抗倒伏的功能，其在玉米促生和抗倒伏方面有重要的应用价值，这为该菌种的开发利用提供了理论支持。

Abstract:

[Background] Endophytic bacteria play an important role in crop growth, development and stress tolerance. In this study, an endogenous bacterial strain Pseudomonas moraviensis GF-55 was isolated from maize. [Objective] To analyze the role of GF-55 in the growth and lodging resistance of maize. [Methods] Pot trial was conducted to analyze the role of GF-55 in the growth of maize seedlings and greenhouse trial to study the lodging resistance of maize after GF-55 inoculation. [Results] The pot trial results showed that GF-55 treatment increased the height, dry weight, and fresh weight of maize seedlings by 43.47%, 26.67%, and 82.44%, respectively, compared with the control. Furthermore, it increased the dry weight, fresh weight, length, volume, surface area, and mean diameter of maize root by 231.25%, 96.42%, 141.68%, 46.51%, 37.07%, and 52.38%, respectively. The strain had the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore relative content, and phosphorus-solubilizing ability of 30.88 μg/mL, 50.20%, and 58.43 mg/L, respectively. The greenhouse trial demonstrated that GF-55 treatment significantly improved the stalk resistance of maize after the silking stage. Specifically, GF-55 treatment increased the stalk puncture, bending, and crushing strength of maize by 15.78%, 55.83%, and 33.71%, respectively, compared with the control. After GF-55 inoculation, the hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin content in the stalk increased by 10.56%, 2.91%, and 48.01%, respectively. [Conclusion] P. moraviensis GF-55 promoted the growth of maize at the seedling stage and enhanced the lodging resistance after silking stage. It has important application value in maize growth promotion and lodging resistance and provides theoretical support for the development and utilization of this strain.