基于文献计量的冻土微生物研究态势分析

Research trend of permafrost microorganisms based on bibliometrics

摘要:

【背景】全球气候变暖导致的冻土融化加速了微生物对土壤有机碳的降解，产生的温室气体在一定程度上加剧了温室效应，对全球气候变化形成正反馈作用。【目的】本文针对国内外冻土微生物研究的热点和发展趋势进行分析比较，旨在归纳、总结并为今后该领域的研究和发展提供参考和依据。【方法】利用Web of Science核心合集数据库和CNKI数据库检索，运用BIBExcel软件生成高频关键词的共词矩阵，使用UCINET和NetDraw软件完成高频词的网络可视化图谱，并通过SPSS软件实现高频词的聚类分析。【结果】共检索到与冻土微生物相关的国内外文献839篇，其中国外文献713篇、中文文献126篇，国外的发文量和增长率显著高于国内。从高频关键词和共现网络视图上看，国外偏重气候变化、温室气体及微生物群落变化之间的作用关系研究，而国内更偏向于冻土微生物多样性的研究。聚类分析表明，国外研究主要以微生物对有机碳的降解作用及对冻土区乃至全球的影响为主，此外还涉及以冻土微生物为研究对象的火星生命的探究。国内研究主要以冻土微生物多样性、甲烷排放和微生物对污染的降解作用为重点。【结论】国内外对于冻土微生物的研究态势存在异同点，尽管国外的研究体系和知识结构明显优于国内，但气候变暖对冻土微生物在温室气体排放方面的影响已成为现阶段国内外共同的研究热点。

Abstract:

[Background] The thawing of permafrost caused by global warming accelerates the degradation of soil organic carbon by microorganisms, and the generated greenhouse gases will exacerbate the greenhouse effect to some extent, forming a positive feedback effect on global climate change. [Objective] To compare the research hotspots and trends of permafrost microorganisms at home and abroad, and thus provide a basis for the research and development of this field in the future. [Methods] The relevant literature was searched from Web of Science Core Collection and CNKI. BIBExcel was employed to generate the co-word matrix of high-frequency keywords, and the network of high-frequency words was visualized with UCINET and NetDraw. The clustering analysis of high-frequency words was performed in SPSS. [Results] A total of 839 papers related to permafrost microorganisms were retrieved, including 713 in English and 126 in Chinese. The number of papers published in English and its growth rate were significantly higher than those in Chinese. According to the high-frequency keywords and co-occurrence networks, foreign research focused on the relationship between climate change, greenhouse gases, and microbial community changes, while the Chinese on microbial diversity in permafrost areas. The clustering analysis demonstrated that the papers published in English mainly involved the degradation of organic carbon by microorganisms and its impact on permafrost areas and even the world. In addition, the Martian life with permafrost microorganisms as the research object has been explored. The studies published in Chinese mainly concerned microbial diversity, methane emissions, and microbial degradation of pollutants in permafrost. [Conclusion] The research situation of permafrost microorganisms has both similarities and differences at home and abroad. Although other countries have better research systems and knowledge structures than China, the greenhouse gas emissions of permafrost microorganisms caused by warming have become a common research hotspot at home and abroad.