植物内生细菌测定方法的研究进展

Research progress in the detection methods of endophytic bacteria

摘要:

伴随全功能体(holobiont)和全基因组(hologenome)概念的出现，植物微生物群落被看作植物全功能体的重要组成部分，其结构和功能逐渐得到研究和解析。内生细菌是植物微生物群落的成员之一，由于其定殖在组织内部而与宿主的接触更为紧密，因而其与植物的相互作用也更加直接、高效且不容易受到环境条件变化的影响。本文介绍了植物内生细菌的基本特点，并重点综述了植物内生细菌测定方法的国内外进展。了解内生细菌的基本特点并掌握其测定方法，将促进对内生细菌与植物互作机制的探索及对全功能体中内生细菌与宿主共生机理的解析，为植物的营养和抗病育种提供内生细菌角度的新策略。

关键词:植物内生细菌;内生细菌群落;表面消毒;16S rRNA基因;荧光原位杂交;16S rRNA基因扩增子二代测序

Abstract:

Plant host,together with all associated microorganisms living on or in it,constitute a plant holobiont,and the hologenome is comprised of the genomes of host and microbiota.In recent years,the structure and function of plant microbiota have gradually been elucidated.As a part of plant microbiota,endophytic bacteria colonize inside plant tissues.Therefore,endophytic bacteria have closer and more direct interaction with plants and are less affected by environmental changes than epiphytic or environmental bacteria.This review introduced endophytic bacteria and summarizes the research progress in the development of specific detection methods for endophytic bacteria.Improved and standard analytical methods will greatly facilitate the elucidation of the interaction and symbiosis mechanisms between plants and their endophytic bacteria,leading to new strategies for improving plant nutrition and disease resistance from the perspective of endophytic bacteria.

Key words:endophytic bacteria;endophytic bacterial community;surface sterilization;16S rRNA gene;fluorescence in situ hybridization;next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons