微生物胞外活性氧的产生及其促进有机污染物降解的研究进展

Advances in the production of extracellular reactive oxygen species and its promotion on the biodegradation of organic pollutants

摘要:

生物法处理是环境中有机污染物去除的主要途径，具有费用低、环境影响小等特点，其不足之处在于所需处理时间长，尤其当有机污染物难降解时，处理时间长达数十年甚至数百年。胞外活性氧（extracellular reactive oxygen species，EROS）是微生物代谢时产生的一类含氧活性基团，对难降解有机物的生物降解具有很好的促进作用。近年来，相关研究报道剧增，但目前尚未见综述报道。本文总结了EROS产生及其促进有机污染物降解领域的最新研究成果，主要从EROS的简介、产生的微生物和机理、对有机污染物降解的促进作用、未来研究方向及面临的挑战等几个方面展开论述，以期为研究者提供参考。

Abstract:

Biological treatment, with the characteristic of low cost and slightly environmental impact, has become a main removal pathway of environmental organic pollutants. The disadvantage is that the treatment time is long, especially for refractory organic pollutants, which may need several decades or even hundreds of years. Extracellular reactive oxygen species (EROS), with the ability of promoting biodegradation of refractory organic pollutants, were oxygen-containing active group generated from the metabolism of microorganisms. Recently, researches related to the effect of EROS on biodegradation of refractory organic pollutants increased sharply. However, no relative review has been reported yet. In this paper, the latest research achievements on the production of EROS and its promotion on biodegradation of refractory organic pollutants have been summarized, mainly from the aspects of introduction of EROS, producing microbes, generation mechanism, promotion on the degradation of refractory organic pollutants, future direction and challenges, aiming at providing a guidance for the following researchers.