常见肠道菌群代谢产物作为疾病诊断的指针的研究进展

Research progress of intestinal flora metabolites as indicators for disease diagnosis

摘要:

人类肠道菌群能够产生多种代谢产物或与人体相互作用产生肠道菌群-宿主共代谢物，显著影响人体各大系统的生理功能。当人体健康状态以及肠道菌群发生变化时，肠道代谢物的种类和含量也会相应受到影响，因此肠道菌群代谢产物具有作为疾病诊断指针的巨大潜力。本文总结了常见的几类肠道微生物代谢产物，包括糖类、胆碱代谢物、脂质、氨基酸与肽类、维生素、胆汁酸、短链脂肪酸、酚、苯甲酰基和苯基衍生物等，及其在不同疾病状态下的作用机理，以期更好地理解肠道菌群、代谢产物和疾病之间的相关性，为疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供新的靶点。

Abstract:

The human intestinal flora can produce a variety of metabolites, or interact with human body to produce intestinal flora-host co-metabolites, which can impact the physiological functions of the major body systems. When the health conditions and intestinal flora change, the types and content of the metabolites will be affected accordingly, which indicate that the intestinal flora metabolites can be potential indicators for disease diagnosis. This article summarizes several common types of intestinal microbial metabolites, including carbohydrates, choline metabolites, lipids, amino acids and peptides, vitamins, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, phenols, and benzoyl and phenyl derivatives. Furthermore, we expound their mechanisms of action in different diseases to highlight the correlations between intestinal flora, metabolites, and diseases, and to indicate that intestinal metabolites can be served as the new targets for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these diseases.